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All vehicles produced today must be fitted with an On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) interface. With the help of the OBD a data connection through the Controller Area Network (CAN) is realized with the Engine Control Unit (ECU). This control unit is instrumental in optimizing the engine performance. There are many OBD adapters on the market today, ranging from the cheap Do-It-Yourself kind to expensive, professional...
Measurements of the intermodulation products with frequency 2ƒ1−ƒ2 (ƒ1 - transmitter frequency, ƒ2 - antenna frequency) for a W-CDMA professional duplexer filter are presented. It is proved that the 2ƒ1 signal and the intermodulation product are generated in this power BAW filter, despite its careful design.
New frequency domain models for nonlinear loads as one diode and two diodes rectifiers are proposed in this paper. Using these models in the harmonic balance analysis, the simulation time is shortened with about one order of magnitude than that corresponding to the employment of the classical nonlinear models described in the time domain.
A new calibration method for digital to analog converters (DAC) is verified, measuring a set of chips, each containing a 8 bit current steering DAC with a 5+3 segmented architecture. For a sampling frequency of 500MHz and a bandwidth of 5MHz all tested circuits exhibited, after calibration, a Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) better than 50dB. For a sampling frequency of 1GHz and a bandwidth of 10MHz,...
A large signal S-parameter model for a power BAW filter built with AlN - based resonators is determined starting from the measured data obtained using connection wires at the filter input and output. A procedure aimed to obtain the main characteristics of the filter without the connection wires is proposed. These characteristics are: the frequency characteristic S21(f) and the frequency dependence...
A new procedure for the state matrix simplification, used in the computation of the approximate symbolic pole/zero expressions is proposed. This procedure validates a simplification in a circuit matrix employing the error in the design point, the maximum error in all corners defined by all combinations of the extreme parameter values, and the modal assurance criterion.
A new behavioral model for frequency domain analysis of power bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filters with sinusoidal excitation is proposed. It is built based on the measured S parameters and on the measured frequency characteristic of the second harmonic of the output reflected power, as functions of frequency and incident input power. This model gives better results than behavioral models build with nonlinear...
An 8 bit 1GSPs DAC targeting transmitters for mobile communications terminals has been implemented in 0.18µm TSMC technology. A correction scheme is used for the current sources in order to achieve a SFDR greater than 50dB after layout parasitic extraction in the 10MHz bandwidth. The simulated values for INL/DNL are 0.268 LSB and 0.377 LSB respectively. A 5+3 segmented architecture is used in order...
A new algorithm for the intelligent search in the electrical engineering literature is outlined. It is based on an ontology of this area, built using the terminology of the International Electrotechnical Commission that is structured employing a set of relations between the involved concepts. The main idea is to search using a set of related concepts belonging to this ontology instead of user defined...
An envelope following algorithm using both the quadratic and the exponential approximations of the envelope has been used for the simulation of a DC-DC converter with closed loop control. This simulation proved to be more efficient than that performed with the envelope following algorithm implemented in SPECTRE RF. This result is obtained due to a more efficient implementation of the quadratic approximation...
A new calibration method for current steering DACs (digital to analog converters), whose main idea is to add compensation currents of the same value to the most sensitive current sources, is proposed. Some DC Monte-Carlo analyses are used to choose the optimal value for the correction current. The choice of the most sensitive current sources as well as the finding of the optimal combination of the...
The following improvements are made to the symbolic LR algorithm for the computation of the approximate pole/zero expressions: formulation of the “state-like” matrix in the case d=0 in the output equation by the implementation of the Sandberg-So and Davison algorithms, using of matrices so that their diagonal elements are not placed in the decreasing order of their modules, replacing the search for...
Two six-resonator power BAW filters using anti-series and anti-parallel connected resonators are measured, proving that the amplitude of the 2f component in the output power is very small. A behavioral model of a three-resonator power BAW filter is discussed.
An algorithm able to compute both the numerical values and the approximate symbolic expressions of poles and zeros of a circuit function is analyzed. At least for the given example, the numerical values obtained with this algorithm prove to be more accurate than those computed by HSPICE, SPECTRE and SAPWIN. The approximate symbolic pole expressions are also computed for this example. A comparison...
A new behavioral circuit model for the anti-parallel connection of two power BAW resonators has been developed. This model is the first one that reproduces the small signal behavior as well as the amplitude-frequency effect and the frequency characteristic of the second harmonic of the reflected power.
A new envelope following algorithm, using both exponential and quadratic approximations of the envelope, is proposed. Using the most appropriate approximation for each state variable, this algorithm switches automatically between the methods of approximation. A new criterion for the efficiency of an envelope following analysis is proposed. In the case of two buck converters this analysis shortens...
A nonlinear behavioral circuit model which reproduces both the amplitude-frequency effect and the frequency characteristic of the second harmonic of the output power is developed. This kind of model is presented for the first time in literature, the simulation results being in good agreement with the measurements performed on a pass-band filter built with three AlN bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators.
A new method for solving the periodic steady state computation of circuits with nonlinear resistors and linear dynamic elements is presented. Any nonlinear resistor is replaced by equivalent sources controlled by its terminal voltages or currents. The convergence of this procedure is assured, unlike the cases of the harmonic balance and shooting methods. Its high convergence speed allows the fast...
This paper deals with dictionary approach for single soft faults diagnosis in analog circuits. A method for selecting the optimum set of test frequencies is proposed. The first step uses circuit sensitivity analysis to choose the optimum frequency ranges. Then the optimum set of frequencies is selected using the entropy criterion.
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