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In the antibody-based targeted therapies of B-cell lymphomas, complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) is an important mechanism. CMC is activated after the binding of drugs (monoclonal antibodies) to tumor cells. The activation of CMC ultimately leads to the lysis of tumor cells. However, it remains poorly understood how CMC alters the morphology and mechanics of single tumor cells at the nanoscale...
This study reports an approach to dynamically separate cultured human B-lymphoma (Raji) cells from normal human red blood cells (RBCs), mixed in an isotonic solution, by utilizing a hydrogenated amorphous silicon-based optically-induced electrokinetics chip. A theoretical calculation of the polarization model for the two different types of cells is first presented. The differential velocity between...
The invention of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides new technology for investigating the physiological activities at the single cell and single molecule levels. Lymphoma Raji cells were adsorbed onto the glass slides by coating the glass slides with poly-L-lysine. Rituximabs (anti-CD20 antibody) were linked onto the AFM tip by PEG linker and the CD20-Rituximab binding forces were measured on three...
The invention of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides new technology for measuring the molecular specific binding forces. With the use of AFM single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), the CD20-rituximab binding forces were measured on purified CD20 proteins (CD20 segment protein and CD20 full-length protein) and on Burkitt's lymphoma Raji cells, respectively. With AFM probe functionalization technology,...
Uncertainty is inevitable in any manufacturing process. The uncertainty could be due to the variations in geometry of the part, local stress centralization, crack and so on so forth. These defects could be hidden in the part in despite of detection, and finally lead to distortion, break and premature failure. It is helpful and effective to identify, quantify and control the uncertainty and the related...
Dynamic characteristic, which is one context of the Taguchi's robust design, will be used for the intertexture welding process parameters optimization in the passage. Through the dynamic characteristic we have discovered the fundamental function of the welding process dynamic characteristic, which has the direct ratio relationship between heat quantity and copper material volume. Then the discovery...
The time-dependence and randomness behavior of wear process were studied, it was found that this process was essentially a random process. Based on the empirical equation or regression equation, the basic flow on how to establish the model of wear random process was established. The distributed function of wear extent at any time has been deduced, so the life expectance of wear structural component...
In this paper, the ARM embedded fire alarm controller is designed and applied to the fire intelligent video surveillance system of large space. Based on the Modbus communication protocol, the fire alarm controller receive the information from video surveillance platform, sending out alarm signal of voice and light when fire happened, and then the fire sprinkler system are controlled to extinguish...
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has proven to be a powerful tool for imaging the topographic properties of biological samples and measuring the molecular specific binding forces at cellular and molecular levels. However, there are still great difficulties in using AFM to acquire images of mammalian suspension live cells due to the suspension growth manner and the softness of the cell membrane. In this...
The treatment of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was revolutionized by the approval of rituximab in 1997. Rituximab is a CD20-directed monoclonal antibody (mAb). Despite the great success of rituximab in the treatment of B-cell NHL, the urgent need is to enhance the efficacy due to the markedly variable patient responses. Hence elucidating the molecular mechanisms of rituximab's anti-cancer effect is...
A design method of RBF neural network construction based on rough sets and orthogonal least squares (OLS) is proposed in this paper. First, the rough sets knowledge expression system is built taking use of the large number of system sample data. The impact of input variables on output variables is analyzed through computing an accuracy measure of input space knowledge on output space knowledge with...
Illuminating the underlying mechanism of drug action at single-cell and single-molecule levels is of great significance for the personalized treatment of diseases. In this paper, with the use of the atomic force microscopy (AFM), the mechanical property of the lymphoma cells was quantitatively measured and the CD20-Rituximab binding force was measured on the surface of the lymphoma cells by linking...
Elucidating the underlying mechanism of the cellular physiological activities at the molecular level is currently an important research topic in life sciences. The invention of the atomic force microscopy (AFM) provided new methods for acquiring new cognition about cellular chemical processes. With the use of AFM, the specific recognition interaction between CD20 antigen and rituximab antibody on...
In the structural vibration control, the object often has time-varying and non-linear characteristics, and its exact model is difficult to establish. Due to lack the ability of learning and regulating online, traditional fuzzy control using fuzzy reasoning also has obvious limitations. Adaptive fuzzy control method based on variable universe has advantages such as no need for exact models, fast response,...
A method of extracting fuzzy control rules from sample data is proposed in this paper, which is based on the FCM algorithm. The sample data is gathered in the process of structural vibration control. Firstly, the input and output spaces of the given sample data are divided into several suitable fuzzy regions using FCM algorithm. Secondly, in order to extract the fuzzy control rules automatically,...
Cell stiffness is closely related to human health and diseases. Measuring the mechanical property of individual cells may help us to understand the mechanism of diseases at cell level and provide new methods for disease diagnosis and personalized treatment. In this paper, the poly-l-lysine was used to immobilize Burkitt's lymphoma (BL)cells onto the glass substrate for being imaged in fluid by atomic...
We report the use of Atomic Force Microcopy (AFM) in combination with Fluorescence Microscopy (FM) for the investigation of non-Hodgkin's type B cells lymphoma after antibody treatment. Rituximab is used in the treatment this cancer type. It is a chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the protein Cluster of Differentiation 20 (CD20), which is expressed on mature B cells, including the B cell...
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor with high morbidity rate in children. Patients have different responses to the same therapy due to the molecular heterogeneity. Detailed observation of the surface structure of BL cells to locate the specific receptors (CD20) on the cell surface and measure the binding force between the CD20s and their cognate ligands (Rituximab) may give...
Traditional fire detection methods are based on smoke and detectors. They are not suitable for high and large-span space structures because of their limited detection range. The latest fire detection methods are based on video-image processing and data fusion. However, false positive rate and false negative rate still remain unsatisfactory and need improvement. In this paper, some fire video-image...
This paper presents reliability design and analysis should be developed in the course of process design in order to solve the process defects. Studying the conception and solution of process reliability in Mechanical Manufacture, we put forward the frame of top technology and the basic idea about how the process to realize the inhered reliability. Also, the research on process reliability will establish...
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