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Neuronal intracellular chloride concentration ([Cl−]i) is a crucial determinant of transmission mediated by the γ‐aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR), which subserves synaptic and extrasynaptic inhibition as well as excitation. The Cl− ion is the main carrier of charge through the GABAAR; however, bicarbonate ions (
) flowing in the opposite direction can also contribute to the net...