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Continuous evaluation in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET) will contribute to spectrum scarcity problem in near future. Cognitive radio (CR) system aims to provide opportunistic access and adapt the available frequency resources instead of conventional static spectrum allocation. Spectrum sensing is one of the most demanding aspects in CR design and implementation. Low signal to noise ratio (SNR)...
Involvement of wireless technologies in Industrial environment obligates the identification and modeling of present noise and interferences. Such extraneous signals exhibit self similar structures, repetitive patterns and hence cannot be modeled conventionally as white noise. In this paper, we therefore propose to model them as color noise. Patterns of several colors of industrial noise are generated...
Environmental parameters such as air moisture level pose a significant impact on the quality of prints. Although, solutions like industrial ultrasonic humidifiers exist to sustain satisfactory humidity levels but their cost overhead in small printing facilities becomes sometimes unjustifiable. In this paper a design based on evaporative misting principle is presented which in addition to being low-cost...
In this paper, we present a new tractable expression for average probability of Energy Detection (ED) in generalized-K (KG) fading channel. ED has been proposed for spectrum sensing in cognitive radios and various wireless applications. A closed form solution for modeling ED under shadow-fading conditions using lognormal distribution is complicated and is the main drawback. In KG fading model, shadowing...
IEEE 802.15.4a impulse radio-time hopping ultra wide band (IR-TH UWB) physical layer (PHY) is robust against dense multipath fading. However, scattering and reflections in industrial surroundings, render plenty of resolvable multipath components (MPCs), for which coherent Rake reception suffers serious complexity. We propose an addition of an adaptive noise canceler (ANC) at the front end of conventional...
Spectrum sensing is the first step in cognitive radio communications, as it should be carried out before permitting cognitive client to approach an idle but authorized channel. Shadowing brings out basic limits on performance of spectrum sensing methods in cognitive radio. This paper quantifies Energy detection for spectrum sensing under shadowed condition, with the help of Loo distributed fading...
Shadowing is defined as a slower process usually caters into large scale fading. In addition, shadowing effect also produces small scale fading. Thus, introduces basic limits on spectrum sensing methods in cognitive radio. Hence, instead of classical distribution based channels for modeling shadow fading, a composite or mixed distribution is much more demanding. This paper quantifies spectrum sensing...
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