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This paper deals with current state of art in field of tuning methods for PID controllers, and shows how output error depends on dynamicity of the process. Controlled process is dynamic, therefore it can change over with various dynamicity. This dependency leads to adaptive controllers, and new tuning methods for them. In the first part of the paper is presented general description of PID controller...
Adaptation of operating systems to a new processor architecture is a complicated process during which incompatible parts of an embedded operating system have to be redesigned and missing parts have to be implemented. The complications grow when there is a need to adapt operating system to completely different processor architecture as was an operating system optimised for. During our work on this...
Devices compliant with Internet of Things concept are currently getting increased interest amongst users and numerous manufacturers. Our idea is to introduce intelligent household control system respecting this trend. Primary focus of this work is to propose a new solution of intelligent house actuators realization, which is less expensive, more robust and more secure against intrusion. The hearth...
This paper summarizes a process of operating system adaptation to an Intel Atom processor. The main objectives of this project was to adapt a simple micro kernel embedded operating system to a more complicated processor family, without destroying the original modules of system or changing their functionality. Our motivation was the lack of information or techniques regarding operating system migration...
There are two groups of task scheduling algorithms in real-time systems. The first group contains algorithms that have constant asymptotic time complexity and thus these algorithms lead to deterministic task switch duration but smaller theoretical CPU utilisation. The second group contains complex algorithms that plan more efficient task sequences and thus the better CPU utilisation. The problem is...
One of the methods for improving reliability of embedded systems is control-flow checking (CFC) of the running program. Embedded systems often use hardware or software CFC methods depending on the application. Division of checking parts into software and hardware can increase the system performance when the basic blocks are carefully selected. This paper presents a design of a new hybrid control-flow...
Embedded systems are often used for special purposes. When an embedded system is operating in a critical environment, its reliability should be focused on. One of the methods for improving reliability of embedded systems is Control-flow checking (CFC) of the running program. It is known that the control-flow errors comprise between 33% and 77% of all errors in a computer system [1]. Nowadays there...
The objective of this paper is to present a highly customizable wireless monitoring solution for monitoring of environment characteristics, to evaluate propagation characteristics of wireless signal in inhabited buildings and to discuss important aspects of wireless monitoring systems. We have designed home monitoring system that uses ZigBee wireless sensor network with 8-bit microcontrollers and...
Future complexity and heterogeneousness of embedded systems will result into problems with compatibility and portability of an application software and also of an operating systems. There is need to change a standard architecture of operating systems to reduce these problems. This paper summarises the proposal and implementation results of a Modular Operating System which presents a novel concept...
Safety of multi-process embedded systems is of a great concern in majority of embedded and real-time applications. Our work deals with a multiple hardware watchdog timer device that is intended to improve the safety and reliability of multi-process systems. This paper deals with the implementation and testing of the prototype architecture using an FPGA device Spartan-3A‥
We propose an embedded architecture aimed for the applications of rule-based reasoning systems with real-time restrictions. Such systems are utilized mainly for monitoring, on-line diagnostics and control applications, particularly in the domains of process control, automotive industry, medical applications and other critical systems. The proposed architecture utilizes programmable hardware for acceleration...
In this work, we deal with securing the real-time systems by providing them with additional hardware watchdog timers. This paper proposes the basic concept of the multiple hardware watchdog timers system and describes the proposed architecture of the system providing 256 hardware watchdog timers. It deals with the particular implementation of the system in the FPGA programmable device. The results...
The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of radio wave propagation through the forest, with a focus on the evaluation of propagation loss. We present considerations that, according to our belief, should be taken into account when designing a wireless sensor network system to be deployed in a forest environment. Apart from theoretical analysis we present evaluation of example...
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