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Route Optimization (RO) refers to any approach that optimizes the transmission of packets between a Mobile Network Node/Mobile Router and a Corresponding Node/Home Agent. RO would mean that a binding between the address of an MNN/MR and the location of the mobile network is registered at the CE/HA. Technically, route optimization mechanism comes up with a complementing solution for the pinball problem...
The frequent change of Mobile Node (MN) location is going to increase rapidly as everything is a mobile presently. In order to achieve seamless mobility, mobility managements are considered as very important. The mobile IPv6 MIPv6 is proposed and standardized by IETF. It is introduced to improve the host mobility management. However, it faces different problems when mobile nodes move between different...
Counterfeiting and piracy of intellectual properties are often pointed to as an indispensable problems across the globe, though more intense in some region than others. Currently over millions of digital audio files like digital songs are copied illegally during file-sharing over the networks, costing loss of revenue to the music and broadcasting industries. Right owners such artists, composers, and...
Monolithic fabrication and advancements in MEMS and nanotechnology have made biomedical implants more popular for monitoring and other applications in humans and animals. One of the primary challenges faced in employing implants is providing a stable battery-less power supply. Inductive coupling is a commonly used means of transferring energy to implanted devices requiring power in milliwatt or microwatt...
Multicasting communication serves as one critical operation to support many applications of Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs) that achieve group communication rather than pairs of individuals. Multicast routing protocols becomes increasingly important in MANETs because they effectively coordinate a set of nodes. Also, it provides efficient routing for multimedia applications such as video conferences,...
Medical images contain diagnostic information which can be used for early detection of diseases. These images are watermarked in order to proof its integrity; not modified by unauthorized person, and to ascertain the authenticity, that is, ensuring that the image belong to the correct patient and emanates from the correct source. However, the current problem with the watermarking system used for medical...
The economics of currently available broadband access technologies motivate for innovate and deploy new system designs and applications in vehicular communication. The widely available and flexible Wi-Fi technique meets the cost and suitability targets for vehicular applications. To cope with the special requirements of vehicular, amendments of 802.11 standards at the MAC and PHY protocol level has...
Recently, the necessity of applications where many users have to interact in a close manner over mobile Ad-Hoc networks gains high popularity. Multicast communication is essential in this type of applications to reduce the overhead of group communication. For group-oriented multimedia applications Quality of Service (QoS) provision is a basic requirement, which makes an efficient QoS multicast routing...
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