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Techniques from nanoscience now enable the creation of ultrasmall electronic devices. Among these, nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) in particular offer unprecedented opportunities for sensitive chemical, biological, and physical measurements [1]. For vacuum-based applications NEMS provide extremely high force and mass sensitivity, ultimately below the attonewton and single-Dalton level...
The recent development of imaging and image processing techniques, such as 4D microscopy and 3D cell tracking, enables analysis through quantification of the movement of large cell populations invivo. These imaging approaches provide an opportunity to study embryonic morphogenesis during development from the level of cellular processes to the scale of entire organism. Image analysis reveals cell...
We present a time-lapse collection and reconstruction technique that allows following embryonic heart development at any computationally halted heart contraction state. The central idea is to image at least one full heartbeat at a fast frame rate, resulting in a two-dimensional plus time (2D+T) data set, and repeat this operation every few minutes over several hours for multiple axial positions. The...
Interleukin-2 (IL2) is a cytokine that regulates T-cell growth and is used in cancer therapies. By sensitizing a microcavity sensor surface with anti-IL2 and monitoring the resonant frequency, single molecules of IL2 can be detected.
The temporal alignment of nongated slice-sequences acquired at different axial positions in the living embryonic zebrafish heart permits the reconstruction of dynamic, three-dimensional data. This approach overcomes the current acquisition-speed limitation of confocal microscopes for real-time three-dimensional imaging of fast processes. Current synchronization methods align and uniformly scale the...
A motion-sensitive en-face-scanning 3-D optical coherence microscope (OCM) has been designed and constructed to study critical events in the early development of plants and animals. We describe the OCM instrument and present time-lapse movies of frog gastrulation, an early developmental event in which three distinct tissue layers are established that later give rise to all major organ systems. OCM...
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