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The paper discusses how photonic innovations have changed the world. Photonics play the most direct role, has been most profound through the dramatic improvements in data, voice and video transmission as digital systems deployed globally have changed the way business is conducted and the structure of many industries.
Electro-optical devices such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), field-effect transistors (FETs), and photovoltaic diodes made with organic semiconductors were discussed. Few related works on electro-optical device fabrication, design, display performance, efficiency and brightness were cited.
We review recent advances in the use of low-coherence spectral interferometry to obtain nanometer to micron-scale measurements of structure, motion, and molecular composition in living cells, tissues, and organisms.
Laminar optical tomography (LOT) is a technique capable of 3D optical imaging of absorption and fluorescence contrast in living tissue. LOT can image to depths of 2 mm with 100-200 micron resolution at up to 100 frames per second. We report on the application of LOT to high-resolution depth-resolved imaging of brain function and skin cancer.
We present a lifetime fluorescence imaging system for small animal imaging. The system uses a linear fiber array with given separations between a single source fiber and several detection fibers. The general goal is to detect and localize tumors, using specific fluorescent markers and investigate their progression. We investigated applications of the developed system to mouse imaging, using as contrast...
To maintain high lateral resolution throughout depth scanning, a dynamically focusing catheter with a lateral resolution < 10 mum and a depth scanning range > 4 mm was designed without a mechanically re-focusing system.
A liquid lens-based dynamic focusing skin imaging probe with for in vivo OCM optimized for a Ti:Sa pulsed broadband laser source of bandwidth 100 nm centered at 800 nm is presented. High, quasi-invariant resolution of 3 mum for a 2 mm x 2 mm lateral cross-section, across 2 mm skin depth is demonstrated.
We will discuss ultralow threshold photonic crystal nanocavity lasers with quantum dots and efficient light emission from silicon photonic crystal nanocavities. Prospects for their applications to future optical sensing applications will also be discussed.
We report a room temperature operating and high-performance InAs quantum-dot infrared photodetector on InP substrate and thermal imaging of 320times256 focal plane array based on this device up to 200 K.
Measuring pulse shapes beyond the dynamic range of oscilloscopes is achieved by passive temporal-pulse stacking. Optical pulses are averaged with their time-delayed replicas without introducing additional noise, yielding 3 bits of additional dynamic range.
Lasers subject to strong feedback are shown to be able to measure the relative displacement of a target even without any signal processing making it suitable for mechatronics or modal analysis applications.
We employ a novel non-paraxial time-domain BPM technique to study ultra short pulse propagation in long directional coupler structures. The effect of intermodal dispersion that causes pulse break up and distortion has been investigated accurately.
We report the first demonstration of error free all-optical signal processing at telecommunication data rates in chalcogenide glass waveguides. We achieve error-free wavelength conversion via cross-phase modulation in a low-loss, 5 cm long As2S3 chalcogenide planar waveguide, over a 25 nm wavelength range at lOGb/s, yielding a Q-factor penalty of 2.3 dB.
The recent development of liquid-core antiresonant reflecting optical (ARROW) waveguides for integrated optofluidic devices is reviewed. Advanced fluorescence detection techniques and single bioparticle detection on a chip are presented, and an outlook for planar integrated optofludics for novel biomedical instrumentation is given.
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