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To study CD4+T-cell suppression of AIDS virus replication, we isolated nine rhesus macaque SIVGag-specific CD4+T-cell clones. One responding clone, Gag68, produced a typical cytotoxic CD8+T-cell response: induction of intracellular IFN-γ, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and CD107a degranulation. Gag68 effectively suppressed the spread of SIVmac239 in CD4+T cells with a corresponding reduction of infected Gag68 effector...
Background The TRIM5α protein is a principal restriction factor that contributes to an HIV-1 replication block in rhesus macaque CD4 + T cells by preventing reverse transcription. HIV-1 restriction is induced in human CD4 + T cells by expression of rhesus TRIM5α as well as those of other old world monkeys. While TRIM5α restriction has been extensively studied in...
Studies using transformed human cell lines suggest that most SIV strains use CCR5 as co-receptor. Our analysis of primary rhesus macaque CD4 + T-cell clones revealed marked differences in susceptibility to SIV mac 239 infection. We investigated whether different levels of CCR5 expression account for clonal differences in SIV mac 239 susceptibility. Macaque CD4 + T-cells...
Naïve Indian rhesus macaques were immunized with a mixture of optimized plasmid DNAs expressing several SIV antigens using in vivo electroporation via the intramuscular route. The animals were monitored for the development of SIV-specific systemic (blood) and mucosal (bronchoalveolar lavage) cellular and humoral immune responses. The immune responses were of great magnitude, broad (Gag, Pol, Nef,...
CD8 + T lymphocytes (CTL) play a role in controlling HIV/SIV infection. CTL antiviral activity is dependent on recognition of antigenic peptides associated with MHC class I molecules on infected target cells, and CTL activation can be impaired by Nef-mediated down-regulation of MHC class I molecules. We tested the ability of a series of rhesus macaque CD8 + T-cell clones specific for...
CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) play an important role in controlling virus replication in HIV- and SIV-infected humans and monkeys, respectively. Three well-studied SIV CTL determinants are the two Mamu A ⁎ 01-restricted epitopes Gag CM9 and Tat SL8, and the Mamu B ⁎ 17-restricted epitope Nef IW9. Point mutations leading to amino acid replacements in these epitopes have...
CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses play an important role in controlling the replication of primate lentiviruses. Induction of these responses is a key objective for most current AIDS vaccine approaches. Despite a variety of approaches for measuring properties and activities of CTL, the functions responsible for controlling viral replication in vivo have not been clearly identified...
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