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β-Amyloid, a 39–43 amino acid peptide, may exert its biological effects via neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Using the ratiometric dye, fura-2, we examined the effect of soluble β-amyloid1–42 on the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in acutely dissociated rat basal forebrain neurons. Focal applications of nicotine (0.5–20 mM), evoked dose-dependent increases in intracellular...