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Shrinking reserves of natural resources as well as incisive environmental pollution oblige humanity to rethink its generally favored propulsion concept: in the last decade electro-mobility as a refurbished technology gained greater significance once more. Due to political course setting, many German cities are testing Electric Vehicles (EV) especially in public bus transport. To get to the bottom...
In this work, we develop a 3D architecture that utilizes STT-RAM for the last level cache (LLC). 3D integration enables large LLCs to be stacked onto a die. However, 3D architectures suffer from higher operating temperatures due to increased power densities. The elevated temperatures can adversely impact the STT-RAM performance and reliability. The objective of this paper is to address the limits...
At present, the factory often use transformer factory calculation method to calculate the top oil temperature rise, according to the calculated results, the allocation of a certain heat dissipating capacity of the radiator, so as to ensure to meet the standard requirements of the top oil temperature rise. Transformer after the operation, due to environmental factors, the radiator efficiency will be...
Polypropylenes (PP) are a candidate to replace cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) in medium voltage cables. This is due to its recyclability and potentially lower energy consumption during production. To prove to be an alternative, the PPs must meet the same requirements as for XLPE. The maximum service temperature for XLPE is 90 °C. The syndiotactic PP (sPP) was chosen for this study. sPP has a significantly...
The authors proposed and investigated a novel self-refrigerated auto air conditioning system for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) fuelled trucks. The cold energy in cryogenic fuel, LNG, was drawn and reused to cool the driver's cab. After theoretical analyzing the available cooling capacity and thermal performance of the new system, the refrigerating performance including cold load, temperature characteristics...
During operation, fuel cells do not only generate electricity but also heat, which is emitted through surface of the cell. This article aims to determine surface temperature of a low-temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell under varying load, where the temperature is measured via infrared thermography. With this method, the thermal field dispersal is quantified remotely. To contrast with surface...
Laser-driven white lighting consists of blue laser diode (LD) and yellow phosphor, and it is attracting attention as a future lighting technology due to its advantages such as high luminous intensity, efficacy and the possibility of miniaturization. The optical efficiency of LD is highly affected by the temperature, cooling system is critical for many practical applications such as automotive headlamp...
The demand on energy is growing driven by the industrial and socioeconomic development in many developing countries such as Morocco. Conventional fossil energies are pollutant and will eventually disappear in few decades. Therefore, renewable energies represent a good alternative because they are economical, permanently available and friendly to the environment. Geothermal energy is a renewable energy...
This paper analyzes the ablation in a liquid rocket combustion chamber's high altitude simulation tests. Based on the characteristic of combustion chamber and the history of the malfunction, our proposed corrective measure of the chamber and relevant product reliability validation tests were conducted. The validation tests showed that our corrective measure is feasible and relevant reliability met...
In this paper, we have investigated the impact of a crystallization performed through a 300°C thermal curing on the dielectric properties and thermal characteristics of parylene N (PA-N) and parylene D (PA-D). Particularly, the evolution of the permittivity and loss factor in temperature and frequency ranges from −150°C to 300°C, and from 10−1 Hz to 106 Hz respectively, and the DC and AC dielectric...
The paper refers to modelling characteristics of power LEDs with thermal occurrences taken into account. The electrothermal model of the considered class of devices dedicated for SPICE is proposed. This model takes into account self-heating phenomena and the influence of temperature on their electrical and optical characteristics. The form of the worked out model is described and the results of verification...
The article is devoted to the study of influence of high temperature on the operation of the ultrasonic disk radiator intended for generation of high-intensity vibrations in gaseous media. As a result of researches it was determined, that temperature increase of gas and the radiator led to the rise of vibration amplitude of the surface of the disk radiator and the fall of level of acoustic pressure...
The temperature coefficients of CIGS and c-Si modules were determined using both a Class C sun simulator and a Class A+ flash tester. The temperature coefficients were calculated following various light soaking procedures, and varying the heating and cooling ramps. The temperature coefficient determination was also carried out for bare cells (without lamination), and the results compared to measurements...
To date, magnetic actuating becomes an important research topic in robot technology. Moreover, the magnetic actuating has a great potential to be used in biomedical/medical engineering such as magnetic-manipulating small bio-objects. To achieve the small-objects manipulation, some researchers demonstrated magnetic grippers [1]. In general, the grippers consist of two arm-structures and a magnetic...
Passively-cooled electronic systems such as tablet computers and cell phones commonly are thermally limited by the allowable touch temperature of their surfaces. These systems typically cannot cool maximum processor power in steady state and simultaneously meet surface temperature restrictions. The primary surface temperature control method for thin mobile devices is to limit power, typically resulting...
A significant amount of attention has been focused on the methods of high heat flux removal due to the advancing requirements of the electronics industry. Water spray cooling is one of the best candidates for these thermal control problems. A new heater designed to simulate the high heat flux was briefly presented. The heating part of the heater was Insulated-Gate-Bipolar-Transistor (IGBT) component...
Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation is an attractive technique to reduce consumption of fossil fuels and as a renewable energy. PV system is convert photo energy into direct-current energy. The temperature of PV modules increases when it absorbs solar radiation, causing a decrease in efficiency. The overall power output and efficiency of the PV module can decrease by ∼0.5%/˚C and ∼0.05%/˚C when...
In a scenario of small and customized production of electric vehicle, it is important to set methods and tools to evaluate the Li-Ion cells heat source in EV battery. The main problem of the new lithium batteries is represented by the need to keep the battery packs at uniform and constant temperatures and avoid peaks of temperatures which cause degradation of performance and safety problem. The main...
The energy costs for cooling a data center constitute a significant portion of the overall running costs. Thermal imbalance and hot spots that arise due to imbalanced workloads lead to significant wasted cooling effort - in order to ensure that no equipment is operating above a certain temperature, the data center may be cooled more than necessary. Therefore it is desirable to schedule the workload...
This paper deals with the experimental comparison of forced convective heat transfer coefficient of CNT based nanofluids with the pure water in radiator which can be used for cooling of super computer. Carbon Nano Tube (CNT) based nanofluids with concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% volume fractions have been used as test fluids. The liquid flow rate, ranging from 2–6 liter per minute (LPM) has been used...
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