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Given the increased penetration of smart grid technologies, distribution system operators are obliged to consider in their planning stage both the increased uncertainty introduced by non-dispatchable distributed energy resources, as well as the operational flexibility provided by new real-time control schemes. First, in this paper, a planning procedure is proposed which considers both traditional...
This paper investigates the planning and operational processes of modern distribution networks hosting distributed energy resources (DERs). While in the past the two aspects have been distinct, a methodology is proposed in this paper to co-optimise the two phases by considering the operational flexibility offered by DERs already in the planning phase. By employing AC optimal power flow (OPF) to analyse...
In this paper, a new planning methodology is proposed for existing distribution grids, considering both passive and active network measures. The method is designed to be tractable for large grids of any type, e.g., meshed or radial. It can be used as a decision-making tool by distribution system operators which need to decide whether to invest in new hardware, such as new lines and transformers, or...
As manufacturing costs keep decreasing, battery energy storage systems (BESS) are expected to play a key role in modern grids. However, due to their energy constraints and internal losses, the restoration of the state of charge (SoC) to a reference range is of vital importance to fulfil their tasks. In this paper, we propose SoC control schemes based on existing ones, and then we evaluate their behavior...
In this work the extended future role of a DSO in networks with high PV infeed and active prosumers is examined. The resulting challenges for the distribution grid are tackled both through innovative tariff incentives and operational real-time interventions in critical situations. The prosumers and the grid are modelled based on real data and projections for a low-voltage grid in the city of Zurich...
In this paper, we propose a simulation-based method for primary control reserve (PCR) reallocation in large power systems, taking into account the variability of renewable energy sources' (RES) in-feed. Our goal is to identify technically feasible pairwise PCR reallocations between generally non-neighboring control areas (CAs). To achieve this goal, we use network snapshots that represent different...
In many countries, groups of producers and consumers are organized into virtual entities to participate in electricity markets. These entities are called balance groups (BGs), or are given similar names, because they are responsible for maintaining an energy balance for the group, and experience costs in case of imbalances. With large shares of uncertain renewable energy sources (RES), BGs are exposed...
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