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Problems associated with the national energy policy are the most important task facing the economy in context of current political and economic situation. The need for diversification of energy supplies and changes in the structure of their use are enforcing research in this area. In studies of power risks, the attention is drawn to the insufficient energy resource efficiency and lack of precise legal...
Reactive power management is very important for solving of problems related to electricity production, transmission and consumption. It is well known that compensation of reactive power increases voltage, reduces power losses and saves fuel resources aimed to produce electricity. Compensation of reactive power makes lines and transformers be able to deliver more power without overloading the equipment...
The European Union regulations regarding wholesale energy market integrity require the transparency in the information regarding electricity market. It is required to apply the market monitoring tools that are commonly used in the European Union, such as RSI index and other market evaluation tools. The use of market monitoring tools became even more important after the North-Western Europe power markets...
Policy makers are in broad agreement that demand response should play a major role in EU electricity systems and provide much needed future system flexibility. Yet, little demand response has been forthcoming in member states to date. This paper identifies some of the technical potential for demand response, based on empirical data from one UK demand aggregator. Half-hourly electricity readings of...
A conjectural-variation-based equilibrium model of a single-price electricity market is used to analyze the effect of voltage constraints on the generators' strategic behavior. The solution of the model is computed by means of a two-stage optimization procedure. In the first stage, the day-ahead market clearing process is modeled. In the second stage, an AC optimal power flow determines the active...
A shift toward renewable energy and consumption management recently began in the power system. The Distribution System Operator (DSO) has to face an increasing number of grid connected actors (electric vehicles supply equipment's owner, pool aggregator, local generation, etc.) and still ensure grid security with the emergence of these new uses. One of these new uses is demand response (DR). DR is...
We investigate the impact that different technical and operational model representations for hydroelectric reservoir and pumped storage power plants have on the market dispatch and annual generation patterns in a techno-economic electricity sector model. The ‘detailed’ model explicitly accounts for individual plant and reservoir capacity limitations, hydraulic interconnections within cascaded systems,...
With the growing environmental and energetic concern, the issue of adapting our energy systems is paramount. This paper deals with the issue of new optimal energy mixes in a high renewable energy share context, and capacity investment in such a framework. We use the “screening curve” method to determine competitors' investments and deduce the benefit of a conventional generator. This work is carried...
The aim of the article was to identify and analyze the most important, in opinion of the author, aspects of the impact of the EU ETS on power plants value. Literature was researched to identify factors determining the ability to shift costs of CO2. Theoretical and methodical considerations on the essence of so-called carbon risk and its impact on the cost of capital were carried out. Particularly...
Since January 1st, 2011 the electricity exchanges of Italy and Slovenia are working under a mechanism of market coupling for their respective day-ahead markets. Similar mechanisms are being implemented in many European countries to foster the integration of electricity markets that eventually will merge into one large European power market. This short paper is one of the first works in which, by analysing...
The European Union's Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) is the largest cap-and-trade program yet implemented which, in 2013, entered its ninth year of existence. During these eight years the EU ETS has seen a number of significant changes based on a succession of landmark legislative achievements. This paper provides a descriptive analysis of several aspects of the EU ETS from its inception through...
This paper analyzes the inequality of per capita GDP and of per capita CO2 emissions across countries in the European Union in the period from 1990 to 2020 by applying the Gini index. It examines the relationship between the per capita CO2 emissions and the per capita GDP. The future evolutions of these inequalities are projected under two scenarios. First, the Business-As-Usual projection of CO2...
In the paper, Structural Vector Autoregressive models (SVAR) are used to identify fundamental and speculative shocks, in the UK electricity market. The structural shocks are identified via short run restrictions, which are imposed on the matrix of instantaneous effects. In the research, two main types of shocks are considered: fundamental shocks, which result from unexpected changes of demand, supply...
Demand response for residential consumers is making a slow progression, despite its benefits towards various market participants, and the challenges faced by distribution grids concerning the integration of distributed and renewable energy sources, and new demand side applications. While some obstacles are techno-economic in nature, there also exist barriers related to regulation. The objective of...
This paper focuses on the development of the ocean energy sector, identifying the necessary steps that are required in order to facilitate the development and deployment of ocean energy technologies towards the formation of a viable and successful industry. The paper presents recommendations, which represent a key opportunity to reinforce Europe's leadership in Research Development Innovation and...
This paper analyzes the impact of effective competition on the supply security problem in the German electricity market. Based on the energy-only resource adequacy mechanism utilized in ERCOT, effective competition is defined by two major elements. The first element is active demand-side participation in the market and the second one is defining optimal price cap in the market to achieve efficient...
The required amount of collateral (margin) for buyers and sellers of electricity in spot market depends on the committed risk management limits to fulfill necessary margining requirements. Different models are offered to calculate base collateral as a function of maximum net short position for a single delivery day, historical worst case difference between the index price and the market price, closing...
The paper presents fast method of unit commitment on balancing market, which also provides system security both in steady and all N-1 contingency states. Two types of generating units were modelled: thermal steam-turbine unit and pumped-storage unit. Unit parameters were specified accordingly to available data from Polish power plants and Transmission System operator (TSO). The day-ahead balancing...
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