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The concentration of chloride (Cl−) in streams in northern regions has increased as a result of applications of deicers. This study focused on quantifying the relationship between land use and stream Cl− concentrations. The study area comprises two adjacent watersheds in central Illinois, with similar geology and climate but different land uses (agricultural and urban). GIS analysis delineated watershed...
Stroke is one of the leading causes of long-term disability. Approximately two thirds of stroke survivors require long-term rehabilitation, which suggests the importance of understanding movement quality in real-world settings. To address this need, we have developed an approach that quantifies physical activity and also evaluates performance quality. Accelerometer and gyroscope sensor data are used...
The ability to perform postural transitions such as sit-to-stand is an accepted metric for functional independence. The number of transitions performed in real-life situations provides clinically useful information for individuals recovering from lower extremity injury or surgery. Performance deficits during these transitions are well correlated to negative outcomes in numerous populations. Thus,...
Upper limb coordination is necessary for the performance of activities of daily living (ADLs). This coordination is impaired in individuals suffering from motor deficits. The evolution of inter- and intra-limb coordination patterns may provide insight into mechanisms of recovery. In this paper, we investigate the ability of inertial sensors to capture measures of limb coordination in non-disabled...
After surgical interventions such as anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLr), people exhibit altered gait mechanics due to joint impairments. Persistence of altered mechanics after resolution of impairments may be related to daily reinforcement of maladaptive behavior. Quantifying the contribution of such maladaptive motor strategies requires continuous monitoring of locomotor behaviors in...
We present a study with an autonomous Socially Assistive Robot (SAR) coach that investigates the effect of comparative feedback given by a SAR on the self-efficacy of individuals post-stroke in a seated reaching task. We compare two types of feedback, self-comparative and other-comparative, against a control of no comparative feedback, with 23 participants post-stroke. We find that participants receiving...
This paper presents an application of a socially assistive robotics (SAR) system to hands-off post-stroke rehabilitation. We validate the technical feasibility and efficacy of our system in guiding, motivating, and administering an upper extremity rehabilitation task. The robot, which consists of a humanoid torso on a mobile base, monitors user performance on a wire puzzle task through a wearable...
This paper presents an application of a socially assistive robotics (SAR) system to hands-off post-stroke rehabilitation. We validate the technical feasibility and efficacy of our system in guiding, motivating, and administering an upper extremity rehabilitation task. The robot, which consists of a humanoid torso on a mobile base, monitors user performance on a wire puzzle task through a wearable...
We present an application of a socially assistive robotics (SAR) system in a therapeutic setting. We examine the amount of interaction elicited by the robot in a therapeutic setting with individuals post-stroke. We examine the role of various communication modalities, and their affects on the participants' responses. Seven participants of mild to moderate functional impairment due to stroke interacted...
Due to their quantitative nature, robotic systems are useful tools for systematically augmenting human behavior and performance in dynamic environments, such as therapeutic rehabilitation settings. The efficacy of human-robot interaction (HRI) in these settings will depend on the robot’s coaching style. Our goal was to investigate the influence of robot coaching styles designed to enhance motivation...
New approaches to rehabilitation and health care have developed due to advances in technology and human robot interaction (HRI). Socially assistive robotics (SAR) is a subcategory of HRI that focuses on providing assistance through hands-off interactions. We have developed a SAR architecture that facilitates multiple task-oriented interactions between a user and a robot agent. The architecture accommodates...
The advent of new health sensing technologies has presented us with the opportunity to gain richer data from patients undergoing clinical interventions. Such technologies are particularly suited for applications requiring temporal accuracy. The Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) is one such application. This assessment is an instrument used to determine functional ability of the paretic and non-paretic...
The advent of more portable and affordable sensing devices has facilitated the study of rehabilitation robotics. Critical to the further development of therapies and interventions are low-cost, easy-to-use devices that can be applied in clinical and home care settings. In this paper, we present a low-cost motion capture system that relies on the opensource Player/Stage software development environment,...
Theoretical analysis and experimentation show that a prototype body area network composed of 20 electrically conductive fabric sheets can transmit both signals and DC power sufficient for implementing a cable-free network in a garment. This wearable system has broad applications. The applications presented represent just two areas where our garment technology can be useful in the health-monitoring...
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