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Objective
Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is clinically and etiologically heterogeneous. Although autoimmunity has been postulated to be pathophysiologically important in SFN, few autoantibodies have been described. We aimed to identify autoantibodies associated with idiopathic SFN (iSFN) by a novel high‐throughput protein microarray platform that captures autoantibodies expressed in the native conformational...
Introduction: We evaluated the reliability of measuring muscle thickness with ultrasound in limbs and diaphragms of critically ill children and determined the sensitivity of these measures to quantitate muscle atrophy over time. Methods: An expert and trained novice sonographers prospectively measured limb and diaphragm muscle thickness in 33 critically ill children. Results: Expert and novice intrarater...
In this paper, we demonstrate sensing range improvement of Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometry (BOTDR) using an inline erbium-doped fibre amplifier to compensate the sensing fibre loss. In addition, a passive depolarizer is used based on the polarization beam splitter to suppress the polarization noise. The proof-of-concept is demonstrated experimentally using a 50 km sensing fibre with a...
In this paper, a review on radio-over-fiber (RoF) technology is conducted to support the exploding growth of mobile broadband. An RoF system will provide a platform for distributed antenna system (DAS) as a fronthaul of long term evolution (LTE) technology. A higher splitting ratio from a macrocell is required to support large DAS topology, hence higher optical launch power (OLP) is the right approach...
In this paper, we propose a hybrid radio over multi-mode/single-mode fibre and free space optics (RoMMF/SMF-FSO) system to enhance the 4th generation-long term evolution (4G-LTE) signal performance when used in local area access networks. A single mode fibre pigtailed gradient index lens is used to minimise the modal effect of the optical link at different turbulence strengths. The proposed system...
This paper presents an experimental investigation of a novel strain sensor based on a single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber structure using perfluorinated graded index polymer optical fiber as the multimode fiber section. The experimental results showed that the strain sensitivity is as high as 101 pm/με, which is 16 times higher than those obtained in silica multimode fiber based on SMS fiber...
This paper proposes an optimum hybrid radio over multi-mode fiber and free space optics (RoMMF-FSO) system to enhance the last mile bottleneck issues of wireless communication systems. Single mode fiber (SMF) and gradient index (GRIN) lenses are used as mode filtering techniques to optimize the system performance by mitigating the modal effects produced by multimode optical fiber networks. We characterize...
As technology is exponentially regenerated and developed; new educational methods are needed to assure better educational outcomes. Recently schools have started integrating recent technology into the educational process in order to attract students and increase their engagement in the process. This paper will demonstrate how an augmented immersive reality mobile application can work to enrich the...
This paper presents an Augmented Interactive Reality book (AIR) application, aimed to enhance the reading experience of adult-learners by incorporating Augmented Reality (AR) technology to improve the interaction of normal books. Various features and characteristics of Augmented Reality (AR) were applied to the chosen book, "My Vision" written by H.H. Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum,...
This paper will focus on how the growth of the mobile wireless technology can be supported by optical fiber, through wireless over fiber technologies. The paper will include recent advances in the field of fiber-wireless convergence such as cloud-based radio-over-fiber (RoF), point-to-point RoF system and millimeter wave network architectures. The advances in the mobile networks to meet the demand...
The IC'15 iCampus Forum is part of the International iCampus Initiative led by Etisalat BT Innovation Center (EBTIC) — a joint British Telecom (BT) research centre located in the middle-east region. More information about the initiative can be found in http://www.intelligentcampus.org.
Learning theory in education has progressed dramatically with the rapid development of modern technologies. Modern learning theory has found that learning performance can be improved effectively through cooperative/ collaborative learning. How to group students in one class based on their different learning capabilities is a key to success in education. Two grouping types of homogeneous and heterogeneous...
In this paper, we propose a new scheme for the integration between the outdoor and indoor 4G long term evolution networks employing the radio-over free space optics technology for the rural environments applications to reduce the deployment cost. We experimentally characterise the system performance under the atmospheric fading effects including thick fog and a moderate turbulence regime considering...
In this paper, the combination of radio over multimode fibre and radio over free space optical systems are experimentally investigated. A mode filtering technique is adopted in order to deal with the modal effects in such hybrid systems. Considering mode filtering effect, we have determined transfer function and performed link budget analysis. Measurement of the error vector magnitude (EVM) was accomplished...
In this paper, we have characterised Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) in single mode silica fibre. In particular, BFS was characterised in conventional Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA) at operating wavelength of 1550 nm by a pump-probe technique. In addition, we also presented Brillouin gain and Brillouin loss mechanism in BOTDA sensing system. The simulation results shows, BFS have strong...
This paper presents a theoretical investigation and experimental implementation of indoor radio-over-fibre (RoF) using polymer optical fibre. We characterise the system based on the error vector magnitude (EVM), bit error rate (BER), and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We consider three modulation formats of quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and 64-QAM...
Localization of sensor nodes is an important aspect in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). This paper presents an improved DV-hop localization algorithm which increases the accuracy of DV-hop algorithm without significant increase in the computational complexity. The first proposed algorithm utilizes K-means technique followed by node repositioning. The second proposed algorithm is also based on K-means...
The availability and performance of terrestrial free-space optical (FSO) communication systems are heavily deterred by the fluctuating conditions of the atmospheric channel, particularly in the presence of visibility-limiting fog effects. In this paper, we examine the viability of deploying hybrid FSO and radio frequency (RF) links through an experimental study, which takes advantage of a dedicated...
Over the last years, indoor localization and navigation is becoming a hot topic. With the increasing number of buildings, indoor positioning and navigation has turned out to be more important than outdoors. In the literature, many papers discuss wireless based indoor positioning systems. Essentially based on Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) or existing solutions...
This paper investigates a hybrid technique that uses a combined version of Received Signal Strength (RSS) and Direction of arrival (DOA) localization techniques. Simulation results prove that using the hybrid technique in one node increases the localization accuracy and provides the node with the capability of localizing other nodes by itself without any assistance from other nodes. The performance...
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