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We assess the performance of a parylene C - aluminum oxide bilayer encapsulation strategy as it applies to implantable devices with non-planar topography. Electrochemical measurements of devices subject to in vitro accelerated lifetime testing are analyzed to evaluate benefits of bilayer encapsulation versus parylene C alone. Failure modes associated with device features and topographies are identified...
In biopharmaceutical manufacturing, monitoring of bioprocess parameters is very crucial for maximum cell growth, viability and density, as well as biologic product concentration and yield. At the same time, disposable technologies have become popular due to their low capital costs, minimal contamination risk and lower sterilization overhead. We have developed a sensor-array that utilizes novel stimuli-responsive...
3D needle-type glass waveguide arrays were developed as potentially compact neural interfaces for light delivery in deep-tissue. As much as 90% of input light is transmitted via a single optrode to depths >1mm in tissue. Light emission profiles from the optrode tips into tissue can exhibit beam widths of 70–150 μm and full-angle divergence ranging from 13–40°. These beam characteristics may be...
Optical neural control requires light delivery techniques dependent on the experimental goal and biological model. Several light sources and neural interfaces have been implemented featuring one or more of the following criteria: deep illumination, specific and/or comprehensive access, spectral control, temporal precision, high resolution patterning. We've developed 3D needle-type waveguide arrays...
Early-generation waveguide arrays made of silicon (Si) and fused silica (SiO2) were micromachined for infrared (IR) neural stimulation and optogenetics applications in able to provide comprehensive and selective access to distributed targets. Edge-coupled multimode fibers delivered light through the optrodes. Maximum normalized output power from the tips, with respect to the fiber output, was determined...
We evaluate the encapsulation and packaging reliability in fully integrated, fully wireless 100 channel Utah Slant Electrode Array (USEA)/integrated neural interface-recording version 5 (INI-R5) by monitoring the extended long term in-vitro functional stability and recording longevity. The INI encapsulated with 6-µm Parylene-C was immersed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) for a period of over 12 months...
Ultra high aspect ratio microelectrodes are designed and fabricated to record and stimulate neural signals from deeper areas of the brain and nerves and also to provide a new research tool to the neuroscience community. We present a fabrication process to build ultra high aspect ratio silicon based microelectrode arrays for the neural applications. The mu-wire electrical discharge machining (mu-WEDM)...
In this paper we present a multi-test platform to evaluate the barrier properties of encapsulation materials to be used to encapsulate electronic and implantable medical devices. This test platform leverages multiple material and process evaluation on one single substrate. Both cytotoxicity and cytoproliferation tests are possible, in combination with evaluation of barrier properties and aging monitoring...
The interdisciplinary field of implantable medical microsystems is gaining immense momentum due to the undoubted potential these devices hold in significantly improving the healthcare and also in the basic understanding of several human diseases. The most widely known success stories in this field are those of pacemakers and cochlear implants. However there is a clear need for such devices to mitigate...
A chronically implantable, wireless neural interface device requires integrating electronic circuitry with the interfacing microelectrodes in order to eliminate wired connections. Since the integrated circuit (IC) dissipates a certain amount of power, it will raise the temperature in surrounding tissues where it is implanted. In this paper, the thermal influence of the integrated 3-dimensional Utah...
For the conventional Utah electrode array (UEA) to be able to function without transcutaneous wire connections, a kind of power source is needed in an integrated form with the UEA. To develop such wireless neural interfaces, inductive coupling between two coils was used to deliver power to the integrated electronics. The power receiver coil was microfabricated as a polymer based component, and its...
Chronically implantable, wireless neural interfaces require biocompatible, long term stable, and high density integration of all functional sub-components. For this, the integration and interconnection concept of the wireless neural interface was proposed and interconnection materials and methods were investigated and characterized. The module consists of an electronics IC assembled to an electrode...
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