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A new method of two-step selective area growth (SAG) by RF-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy is developed, enabling the growth of uniform arrays of thin GaN nanocolumns (NCs) with diameters <50 nm. In the SAG, the migration-enhanced epitaxy mode with an alternating supply of Ga and active nitrogen was employed during the initial growth of NCs on small-nanohole-patterned substrates to complete...
In this paper we demonstrate highly dense immobilization of bacteria into nanoimprinted holes. Nanoimprinting enables micro holes smaller than 2 μm in diameter with a high accuracy, which cannot be patterned using conventional UV photolithography. In our prior work, we developed a microbial reactor immobilizing bacteria into micro holes, which facilitated collection and evaluation of reaction products...
This paper demonstrates a microbial-robot that migrates in low Reynolds number fluidic environments powered by motile flagellated bacteria. To immobilize the flagellated bacteria strongly, we utilized bacterial cellulose (BC), which was produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus. We evaluated the adhesion between the BC and the flagellated bacteria, Aliivibrio fischeri using a microfluidic shear device...
In this paper we demonstrate a microfluidic device that immobilizes microbes into microporous carrier using positive dielectrophoresis (DEP). This device can characterize bacteria, while precisely controlling the reaction conditions and the number of bacteria involved in the biochemical reaction, and can effectively screen them to efficiently produce useful chemicals by fermentation, such as organic...
Today, esters obtained from plant oils are attracting attention as insulating oils from the viewpoints of renewable resources and low environment impact in the event of leakage. We have developed a palm fatty acid ester (PFAE) synthesized from palm/coconut oil for use as an environmentally friendly insulating oil. PFAE is expected to be an alternative to mineral oil because of its high fluidity and...
A microbial chip is demonstrated that immobilises microbes into micro holes using positive dielectrophoresis (DEP) for efficient screening. The DEP frequency was set at 10 MHz, which was found to be most effective to selectively immobilise live bacteria. The media including reactive agents can be flown into the chip continuously and therefore the reaction products can be continuously collected. Immobilisation...
In this paper we demonstrate a continuous-flow microbial microreactor that immobilizes microbes into microporous carrier. First, bacteria are trapped into 3, 5, 10, 20-μm-diameter pores using positive dielectrophoresis (DEP). After non-immobilized bacteria are flushed, the continuous-flow microreactor generates reaction products when culture media including reactive substrate are supplied. Continuous-flow...
Recently, fatty acid esters synthesized from the natural oil obtained from plants have attracted much attention as an insulating oil from the viewpoint of environmental problems, fluidity, and greater resistance to dielectric breakdown than conventional mineral oil. In the present study, to clarify the reason for the superior moisture tolerance of fatty acid esters, the inter- and intramolecular movements...
Decentralized control is a key concept to understand the mechanism of versatile and adaptive locomotion of animals under various environments. However, a systematic design of an autonomous decentralized control system has not been well established, because previous studies mainly focused on the control of phase relationship among body parts, i.e., phasic control, but not on the control of the spatio-temporal...
Despite its appeal, a systematic design of an autonomous decentralized control system is yet to be realized. To bridge this gap, we have so far employed a “back-to-basics” approach inspired by true slime mold, a primitive living creature whose behavior is purely controlled by coupled biochemical oscillators similar to central pattern generators (CPGs). Based on this natural phenomenon, we have successfully...
This paper presents asymmetric circuit models and inductance parameter measurement method for Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor (PMLSM). Asymmetric circuit models considering the saliency and inductance harmonic effects are discussed for PMLSM. All fundamental and harmonic inductance parameters are easily determined by a standstill test using a single-phase commercial source. Experimental...
This paper presents a new approach to predict the equivalent circuit parameters of induction motors. When the proposed method is employed, all electrical induction motor circuit parameters can be determined by a simple standstill test using a voltage-source PWM inverter. Moreover, the proposed method can measure not only the rotor circuit parameters varying with slip frequency but also the magnetizing...
This paper covers the proposed method to maximize the driving efficiency for interior permanent magnet synchronous motors considering iron loss and cross-magnetic saturation effects. Using a simple repetition calculation method, the proposed method automatically determines the optimum current command in real-time. This method not only maximizes the driving efficiency but also realizes high-precision...
The authors describe a method for calculating equivalent circuit constants of synchronous generators using open and shorted operational impedances obtained by the DC decay tests. In the proposed method, it is possible to find all constants only by a stationary test, including the armature leakage reactance. This method makes it possible to improve transient analysis accuracy on not only the armature...
In business, intercultural misunderstanding with foreigners has increased in the borderless global society. In order to reduce the risks of intercultural differences and to support intercultural communication, this paper introduces a supporting technology for proofreading Japanese business documents. This technology will make automatic detection of unsuitable expressions in a document possible, by...
We have developed GaN-based high-power blue-violet laser diodes with a small aspect ratio for beam divergence by optimizing the optical confinement in the active layer. A small aspect ratio of 1.3 and a high output power of 200 mW with kink-free operation have been achieved.
The increasing market demand for product variety forces the manufacturers to design a mixed-model assembly line on which different model products can be switched quickly to satisfy diversified demand. Scheduling is critical to generate a sequence of different products to meet due dates and to avoid possible component shortage or starvation. Because of the combinatorial nature of integer programming...
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