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The recent progress in semiconductor lasers aimed for applications in the wavelength range above 2 /spl mu/m is reviewed. This particularly includes antimonide-based lasers and type-I and type-II quantum-cascade lasers.
This paper briefly recaps the requirements of tunable lasers for telecommunications applications, and reviews the various approaches to achieving tunable and multi-wavelength functionality with examples drawn from commercial products and current research results around the world
Short-cavity InGaAsP/InP DBR lasers with integrated EAMs were designed and fabricated using a quantum well intermixing processing platform. RF bandwidths up to 25 GHz were achieved and open eyes at 10 Gbit/s observed with >10 dB dynamic extinction.
1.55 /spl mu/m strain-compensated multi-quantum-well buried heterostructure lasers with InGaAsP quantum wells and InGaAlAs barriers were fabricated, yielding high optical power at low threshold currents. At 90/spl deg/C they support a direct modulation with 12.5 GHz.
Self-pulsation around 40 GHz with narrow spectral linewidth is obtained in distributed Bragg reflector semiconductor lasers. A theoretical model demonstrates that four-wave mixing is responsible for linewidth narrowing, an experimental signature of phase correlation.
It was found that the harmonic frequency optical injection locking of the regeneratively mode-locked laser diode occurs through the difference frequency component generation. Synchronization with up to 320-GHz input was also confirmed.
We have developed a 4-channel AlGaInAs MQW-BH-DFB-LD array for 1.3-/spl mu/m CWDM systems. High-speed characteristics up to a 10-Gb/s operation on all channels, and more than a 40-Gb/s throughput woe obtained at 85/spl deg/C.
A 600 mW laser at 980 nm with low RMS noise below 0.1% is presented, wavelength stabilized by a fiber Bragg grating with 20 pm bandwidth. The light is provided in a polarization maintaining single mode fiber.
Membrane BH-DFB laser arrays with different DFB grating periods were fabricated and characterized. RT-CW operation under optical pumping with a wavelength deviation less than /spl plusmn/0.4 nm and low threshold power with good uniformity were obtained.
A novel widely-tunable sampled-grating DBR laser with an electrically segmented gain section is presented. The lasers tune over 38 nm and exhibit differential efficiencies that nearly scale with the number of gain section segments.
We demonstrate low wall-plug consumption principle by using active multi-mode interferometer (MMI) with over 1 W output. It shows larger in the area of the active MMI contributes lower in the wall-plug consumption.
Optical flip-flop operation has been achieved in an MMI-BLD with reverse biased saturable absorbers for the first time. The reverse bias enabled reduction of absorber length and is expected to result in high speed operation.
We investigate experimentally and theoretically the relative intensity noise (RIN) of quantum cascade lasers (QCL). We find that the scaling behavior of RIN on the optical power depends on the number of cascaded gain stages.
Quantum-cascade micro-lasers with Bragg-mirrors operating up to 315 K have been realized. Due to the large mode spacing in short cavity lasers and the limited gain bandwidth, single mode emission in such devices is possible.
940 nm laser bars with optimised layer structures will be reported. 100 W output power, wall plug efficiency above 60% and a vertical divergence of 27/spl deg/ FWHM were achieved despite mounting on passively cooled heat sinks only.
16 W CW room temperature front facet output optical power and 72% wall plug efficiency were attained in 100-/spl mu/m-aperture laser diodes based on quantum well heterostructure with ultra wide asymmetric waveguide.
We report a high kink-free facet power of 852 mW and a high single-wavelength facet power of 350 mW for 1060-nm raised-ridge Fabry-Perot (FP) and distributed-feedback (DFB) lasers, respectively.
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