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Relays rely on the current transformer to produce a secondary current that faithfully reflects the primary current for proper operation. In some instances this isn't the case. This paper will look at cases where severe ct saturation can be a problem, review the real time digital simulator inputs to the relay, and look at what mechanisms in modern line current differential relays are used to mitigate...
The introduction of microprocessor in protection engineering field has helped achieve a significant progress. So much so it has started modifying some of the topography of the primary power system itself. This paper highlights a few areas of rapid progress in protection and control engineering field which have resulted in changes in the primary systems.
Current differential relaying has long been an alternative to directional comparison relaying, especially for short line applications. Current transformer performance has always been one of the limiting factors is using a current differential scheme. Summing the current transformer currents before entering the relay deepens the problem. With the advent of multi-terminal current differential relays,...
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