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Biogas production from cattle manure (CM) is of growing importance as it offers considerable environmental benefits. The supplementation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) in anaerobic digestion of CM can be beneficial as it provide a source of energy, while simultaneously resolving ecological and water pollution. Biogas production was investigated in a 10 L bioreactor operated in batch and semi-continuous...
Temperature effect is one of the critical factors in manufacturing variability which could affect the designed circuit. This paper presents a MOSFET mismatch model with the consideration of temperature variations using physical based SPICE model parameters. The model development includes the mismatch measurement at different temperatures and enhancement of standard device model card. Mismatch temperature...
The continuing scaling down of CMOS technologies contributes to the important of having early circuit simulations even before any real silicon data are available. This paper presents a methodology to extract a pre-silicon MOSFET mismatch model using backward propagation of variance (BPV) technique. All the required steps such as the correlation of process and electrical parameters through BSIM3v3...
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