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A surface layer formation by Cs+ bombardment was observed during ultra-thin oxynitride gate dielectrics depth profiling. A significant thickness change relative to ultra-thin layer of oxynitride was noticed when testing a bombarded sample after a period of time. Cs, O and N depth profiles were examined by Dynamic Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (DSIMS). The bombarded sample and new sample were investigated...
With the rapid development of Internet and information technology, information literacy has become an essential skill in the information society. China pays great attention to the development of information literacy of primary and secondary students. Nowadays, many countries have developed authoritative assessment scale, however, most of them only use it as a testing tool but fail to have real effects...
There are two main forms of the electric energy meter: laboratory test and field test. Field calibrator is the mainstream of the energy meter field testing equipment. At present, China does not have the on-site verification of the special verification procedures or testing standards. The test of the field calibrator reference to the standard meter test procedures for testing, and do not test the current...
Student's performance is classified into four levels, including below basic, basic, proficient, and advanced levels. The descriptions of the performance standard make students understand their learning achievement via percentile rank (PR), a norm-referenced score, and T score (I). This paper develops an adaptive student assessment system and invites elementary-school students to do a test in mathematics...
Solid-state lighting (SSL) products can have a predicted life of 70% lumen output (L70) from 26,000 to 40,000 hours using the LM-80-08 testing standards. Chromaticity shift, correlated color temperature (CCT) and lumen maintenance (LM) will dramatically reduce the nominal life of SSL luminaires. In this work, an off-the-shelf luminaire from Philips (AmbientLED) has been aged in a standard wet hot...
Stuxnet event in 2010 causes the intense attention all over the world about information security problems of industrial control systems, how to assure the security of industrial control systems has become a hot topic both in the industry sectors and in academic community. In this paper, we focus on security testing of industrial control devices. We first review the existing security certifications...
Experience with lightweight formal methods suggests that programmers are willing to write specification if it brings tangible benefits to their usual development activities. This paper considers stronger specifications and studies whether they can be deployed as an incremental practice that brings additional benefits without being unacceptably expensive. We introduce a methodology that extends Design...
In the process of specifying update operations of an information system, it is critical to ensure that the resulting design is consistent with the developers' understanding about the requirements, before it is adapted to a chosen platform of implementation. We present a formal approach to testing behavioral specifications that characterise the intended effects on the state as two-state, first-order...
PCI, ISA and MULTIBUS I bus are the mainstream military computer peripheral device buses in defense electrical equipments. Realizing functional testing of devices with these buses has significant impacts on maintenance. This paper analyzes the bus test requirements, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of several general test approaches. Then the reliable solution is suggested based on StarFabric®...
In this paper, the LED chips static characteristics and anti-static technology has been analyzed. Methods for researching anti-static standards of LED chips are proposed that establish a set of test equipment, configuration and procedure in assessing the electrostatic discharge performance of LED chips and even form semiconductor lighting LED chips anti-static testing standards. These four avenues...
In recent years, the high frequency of dairy products' safety accidents has led consumers to a trust crisis of dairy products' safety. Since dairy products have the features of credence goods, the article analyzes the market failure and supervision failure behind the safety accidents, and discusses the inner relations between commercial trust and system trust. Therefore, from the angle of rebuilding...
Data-driven decision is a core practice in the software engineering discipline. A long list of metrics exists in the IT industry. Majority of these metrics (e.g. defect removal efficiency), when applied well, have proven to provide useful historical perspective of the software quality. The proper interpretation of these metrics is typically time dependant, requiring meeting of a certain milestone...
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