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Increasing sensing and communication capabilities combined with falling prices have made drones very attractive for Internet of Things applications. A key requirement of these applications is that the drones should be autonomously maneuvered by computer programs. It is therefore important to understand the practical limitations of autonomous drone maneuverability to ensure that target application...
Wearable smart sensing is a promising technology to enhance user experience that has already been exploited in sport/fitness, as well as health and human monitoring. Wearable sensing systems not only provide continuous data monitoring and acquisition, but are also expected to process, and make sense of the acquired data by classification in similar ways as human experts do. Supporting continuous operation...
Energy Neutral Operation (ENO) has created the ability to continuously operate wireless sensor networks in areas such as environmental monitoring, hazard detection and industrial IoT applications. Current ENO approaches utilise techniques such as sample rate control, adaptive duty cycling and data reduction methods to balance energy generation, storage and consumption. However, the state of the art...
As IoT moves beyond a catchphrase and starts to provide meaningful solutions in multiple fields, three of its critical pillars are now well understood: • Transducers are needed as means of interacting with the environment and machines, and in converting stimuli to data and vice versa. These sensors and actuators form the basis of contextual awareness. • Given that many end-node IoT devices are size...
Thus far only a few closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices have been developed. These devices measure one biomarker for closing the stimulation loop. However, there are many types of neurological disorders requiring different biomarkers to be monitored. Therefore, a multiple-biomarker-based neural sensing device is needed to achieve closed-loop DBS for multiple disorders. This paper presents...
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network of thousands of low-cost sensors which have a limited operating lifetime. A sensor node generally comprises four basic elements, including a transceiver unit, a detection unit, a processing unit, and an energy supply unit. One of the major challenges in the WSN is to increase the network life-time. Since the transmitting/receiving unit has the highest energy...
In this paper, we consider a wireless point-to-point communication in the context of battery powered embedded systems with energy harvesting equipment. The successive actions taken by the transmitter constitutes the policy that it follows. In the first stage, we suppose a limited knowledge of the system behavior characterized by its probability transition matrix, and then use the policy iteration...
Currently, the limitation of battery has become a serious obstacle for the development of Internet of things (IoTs). Therefore, a new network architecture, named as battery-free network, were proposed. In a typical battery-free network, the battery-free nodes are equipped with any battery and can only gain energy from the environment. Such network extremely expands the scope of the IoT applications,...
Existing wireless sensor network are developing rapidly and soon will occupy a dominant place among the data collection and communication. The remote location of the sensors and automatic operation increases their vulnerability to outside intrusions and attacks. Because of out of constant sensor supply the providing of authentication is quite challenging whereas the best protocols is negotiated sensor...
In this paper, we consider a scenario where an energy harvesting sensor continuously monitors a system and sends time-stamped status updates to a destination. The destination keeps track of the system status through the received updates. We use the metric Age of Information (AoI), the time that has elapsed since the last received update was generated, to measure the “freshness” of the status information...
The role of energy in wireless sensor networks (WSN) becomes very important when network is unattended and it is not possible to recharge sensor node's battery in the sensing region many times. Due to this limited battery energy of sensor nodes it becomes a challenge for WSN to maintain proper functioning for a long time. So for the enhancement in network lifetime of the WSN, here we propose a modified...
We consider a single channel energy harvesting cognitive radio system, where the joint optimization of spectrum sensing, channel probing and transmission power control is considered with the goal to maximize the throughput. We model this control problem as a two-stage continuous-state Markov decision process with one stage for sensing and probing control, and the other for transmission power control...
With the popularity of Electrical Vehicles (EVs), Lithium-ion battery industry is also developing rapidly. To ensure the battery safety usage and reduce the average lifecycle cost, accurate State Of Charge (SOC) tracking algorithms for real-time implementation are required in different applications. Many different SOC estimation methods have been proposed in the literature. However, only few of them...
Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs) are becoming one of the main building blocks for the Industrial IoT (IIoT) ecosystem, being an alternative to 2G/3G/4G cellular networks where long-range communication at very low speed is needed by battery powered sensors spread around the factory. Among the most promising approaches, SIGFOX stands out as an ultra-narrow band technology that allows similar signal...
Billions of Machine Type Communication (MTC) devices are foreseen to be deployed in next ten years and therefore potentially open a new market for next generation wireless network. However, MTC applications have different characteristics and requirements compared with the services provided by legacy cellular networks. For instance, an MTC device sporadically requires to transmit a small data packet...
This paper explores Adaptive Fibonacci-based Tuning Protocol for Service and Resource discovery in the Internet of Things (AFT). Through using constrained application protocol (CoAP), Internet of Things (IoT) can support Machines to Machines (M2M) communications. CoAP has centralized and distributed operation modes to discover resources. In the centralized mode, resource directory (RD) is used to...
Wireless powered communication network (WPCN) is a novel networking paradigm that uses radio frequency (RF) wireless energy transfer (WET) technology to power the information transmissions of wireless devices (WDs). When energy and information are transferred in the same frequency band, a major design issue is transmission scheduling to avoid interference and achieve high communication performance...
In this paper, we consider a point-to-point link between an energy harvesting transmitter and receiver, where neither node has the information about the battery state or energy availability at the other node. We consider a model where data is successfully delivered only in slots where both nodes are active. Energy loss occurs whenever one node turns on while the other node is in sleep mode. In each...
While wearable devices have been the buzzword inthese days, they are still in the infant market stage. Thoughdemand for wearable devices has skyrocketed, the early abandonmentof devices become an important issue. Many studiesexamine the usage of wearable devices with user survey. However,it is essential to look at the real behavior of wearable users howand why wearable users enjoy or abandon devices...
This paper explores the possibility of using cost effective drone based communication systems for both wireless power transfer and communications simultaneously. A working prototype of a drone based basestation for communicating with sensors is successfully constructed, measured and characterized featuring the capability of communicating 1 Mbits/sec at a distance of almost 3m using a fully battery-less...
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