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In Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), behaviour of a business process is specified using Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) which is a XML based language. In today's competitive market, enterprises change their business processes frequently. Changes in BPEL process may affect the quality of BPEL process for the consumer. It is desirable to measure and evaluate the BPEL process quality when...
In this paper, we show the successful integration of measurement of code quality into a software development process. Besides choosing a suitable tool for code analysis, metrics, and proper threshold values, concepts for removal of deficiencies are important requirements for code quality. Several cycles of a development process are necessary to achieve a long-term and effective integration of code...
Background: Code smells are considered detrimental to maintainability. To plan QA preventive initiatives (e.g. refactoring actions) it is important to know if the application domain is likely to affect the incidence of those problems. Objective: The main goal of this paper is to check if the application domain has a statistically significant impact on the incidence of code smells. Methods: We conducted...
The efficiency improvements achieved by new video coding standards come at the cost of a huge increase in the encoder computational complexity. Paradoxically, such increasing complexity is commonly addressed by methods that have an adverse effect on coding efficiency. In this work, we propose a method to reduce the complexity of HEVC Hadamard ME, without compromising coding efficiency. Our method...
We have explored educational methods for algorithmic thinking conceptual modeling for novices and implemented a block programming editor and a simple learning management system. This system has been used in our algorithmic thinking course since 2008. Based on this experience, in this paper, we propose a program/algorithm complexity metric specified for novice learners. This metric is based on the...
Community detection approaches are useful tools for revealing the structure and properties of networks. There are many approaches for identifying communities, some require inaccessible information, others need initializing parameters to perform well. Many existing algorithms require centralized decision maker to reveal communities. This paper proposes a non-centralized parameter-free method that only...
The use of WebGIS has experienced a dramatic resurgence over the past decade, while the object-oriented models become indispensable, because the relational database modeling is unable to store spatial data. The increasing complexity of software in particular webGIS pose new requirements on the quality of software products. A quality measurement for object-oriented programming WebGIS becomes very important...
The rounding modes of floating point arithmetic are usually simplified in implementations of alternative number systems, including the Logarithmic Number System (LNS), to a single round-to-nearest mode requiring internal guard bits that are exponentially expensive to provide. Noting that rounding takes significant time and hardware, this paper describes two innovations that enhance LNS performance,...
This paper presents SILEA (a System for Inductive LEArning), an efficient inductive learning algorithm for rule extraction. SILEA is a covering algorithm which extracts IF-THEN rules from a collection of examples in a reliable way. The algorithm eliminates exhaustive feature selection by reducing the number of attributes(features) to be considered for each necessary iteration of rule extraction. For...
For many nonlinear estimation problems, classical lower bounds such as the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) can characterize the mean squared error (MSE) performance only in the asymptotic region. While more powerful bounds like the Ziv-Zakai bound (ZZB) can also predict the best MSE performance in the nonasymptotic region, they may complicate the computation to an unaffordable extent. In this paper, for estimators...
A time series is the most commonly used representation for the evolution of a given variable over time. In a time series forecasting problem, a model aims at predicting the series' future values, assuming that all information needed to do so is contained in the series' past behavior. Since the phenomena described by the time series does not always exist in isolation, it is possible to enhance the...
In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the numerical solution of fuzzy fractional differential equations (FFDEs) under fuzzy Caputo-type derivative. More specifically, we first obtain the equivalent integral form of original problem, then the fractional integral equation is approximated using Laplace transforms. Afterwards, we can get the solution by employing any numerical method. Indeed,...
Many variations of Monte Carlo tree search have been proposed and tested but relatively little comparison of these variants have occurred. In this study an Agent Case Embedding analysis and agglomorative hierarchical clustering was performed using eight variants of Monte Carlo Tree Search as agents and eight games as cases. This allowed us to compare the variant's abilities on each of the games to...
The complexity of hardware systems is currently growing faster than the productivity of system designers and programmers. This phenomenon is called Design Productivity Gap and results in inflating design costs. In this paper, the notion of Design Productivity is precisely defined, as well as a metric to assess the Design Productivity of a High-Level Synthesis (HLS) method versus a manual hardware...
Functional, at-speed vectors continue to provideadded value to the testing community as circuit complexityrises. Complex defects may escape traditional scan vectors andthus often require at-speed patterns. However, generation offunctional/sequential vectors is an extremely challenging problem. Previous methods rely on formal models of the RTL or calls togate level ATPG, both of which are computationally...
This paper describes a centralized routing algorithm based on permutation of M traffic flows entering the network. The proposed approach is significantly less complex than combinatorial approach and can be used as load-balancing tool. The main advantage of such approach is that many non-perspective flow permutations could be eliminated from the calculation very early. If a new flow enters the network...
Non-linear detection for multi-antenna (MIMO) systems using iterative detection and decoding offers superior communications performance at the cost of an increased computational complexity. Various algorithms from literature solve the underlying search problem using quite diverse approaches. Detection based on a Trellis diagram to structure the search has shown close-to-optimal performance, however...
Complexity Cybernetics relating to Enterprise Architecture (EA) is a hot topic recently. Although many researchers, organizations made much progress in the past years, common understanding in this domain is still limited. In this paper, a systematic literature analysis on complexity cybernetics in relation to EA was presented, in order to chart a landscape of state-of-the-art and to summarize some...
In this paper, we develop a detection algorithm at the receiver, for a wireless system employing multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver, where the knowledge of channel is not available at the transmitter (a.k.a open-loop system). The proposed algorithm offers a very good trade-off between implementation complexity and bit-error-rate (BER) performance. In the literature, the fixed complexity...
Many predictive resource scaling approaches have been proposed to overcome the limitations of the conventional reactive approaches most often used in clouds today. In general, due to the complexity of clouds, these reactive approaches were often forced to make significant limiting assumptions in either the operating conditions/requirements or expected workload patterns. As such, it is extremely difficult...
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