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Bit interleaved coded modulation with four dimensional mapping using single parity check coding is discussed for high spectral efficiency transoceanic transmission systems.
Application Layer Forward Error Correction (ALFEC) schemes are the most suitable mechanism for error control in mobile multicast services. AL-FEC introduces redundant information in advance with the source data to provide reliability control in the multicast transmission. Due to this fact the introduced redundancy must be carefully selected with respect to the current network conditions to avoid channel...
Low-density parity-check (LDPC) code is linear-block error-correcting code defined by sparse parity-check matrix. LDPC codes have found wide application in various fields like satellite transmission, recording in magnetic discs etc. because of their capability to reach near Shannon limit performance. This paper presents 3 new high rates — 0.81, 0.84 and 0.89 of length 2512, 1843 and 2619 respectively,...
In high speed communication, forward error correcting codes have been successfully implemented to offer error-free transmission with high spectral efficiency. The strong candidate for high speed communication system is Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code. But LDPC code alone will have unwanted error floor. In order to overcome this, a Reed Solomon (RS) code is concatenated with LDPC code. In this...
Mutual information (MI) is derived as an information-theoretical figure of merit to assess the performance bounds of an optical long-haul communication system when forward error correction is used. This limit, which is valid for any optical channel model, is compared with a trellis coded modulation (TCM) system and with a regular low-density parity-check (LDPC) code in order to evaluate the gap in...
In this paper, we study the efficacy of error control schemes for energy-efficient reliable delivery of large files (hundreds of GBs) over core optical networks. Specifically, we examine two schemes: automatic repeat request (ARQ), and hybrid ARQ (i.e. ARQ combined with forward error correction (FEC) capability). We focus on Reed-Solomon (RS) FEC codes (in hybrid ARQ) and propose a new model, incorporating...
The Gilbert-Elliott (GE) channel is widely used for modelling the performance of coding and transmission schemes in the context of burst erasure channel conditions. In 1963, Elliott described a mathematical method for calculating the error margins of a GE channel. Though Elliott's method is used in numerous publications, it has some limitations. One is that it is only suitable for calculating the...
RaptorQ code, the next generation of Raptor code for forward error correction (FEC), is proposed to significantly reduce the redundant information. However, the improved coding performance comes at the expense of increased encoding and decoding complexity. On the other hand, graphics processing units (GPUs) are finding their way beyond graphics processing into general purpose computing in the consumer...
This paper presents a iterative Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (i-BCH) code and its high-speed decoder architecture for 100 Gb/s optical communications. The proposed architecture features a very high data processing rate as well as excellent error correction capability. The proposed 6-iteration i-BCH code structure with interleaving method allows the decoder to achieve 9.34 dB net coding gain performance...
In Smart TV Live Multicast systems, packet loss is one critical factor that causes OoS(Quality of Service) decreases, OPRSFEC (Optimized Reed-Solomon Forward Error Correction) provides an end-to-end method of packet loss recovery in the application layer which can recover lost packets completely (when the loss rate is less than 5%) with few computational resources and very little impact on users???...
In this paper a new energy-efficient error control mechanism based on Redundant Residue Number System (RRNS) is proposed for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In general, WSNs suffer from burst errors due to their inherent nature. An error detection and correction approach has been developed to handle burst errors more efficiently. Residue encoders transform the sensed data to small-sized and independent...
We transmit 106×200 Gb/s channels over 10,290 km at 6.0 b/s/Hz enabled by Nyquist spectral shaping and nonlinearity compensation. We also transmit 53×400 Gb/s channels over 9,200 km detecting two 200 Gb/s wavelengths simultaneously using a wideband receiver.
A rate-adaptive, software-defined, coded-modulation scheme based on irregular quasi-cyclic LDPC codes designed using the concept of pairwise balanced designs is proposed. The proposed scheme outperforms the corresponding scheme based on regular LDPC codes, and eliminates the error floor phenomenon of regular LDPC codes.
Due to the best effort feature of many existing transmission channels, video streams often suffer from inevitable transmission errors. In this paper, we propose a scheme of robust video transmission based on the state-of-the-art Raptor codes, whose applications are in full swing now. And considering Region of Interest (ROI) often draws much attention in images, the scheme adopts a nested protection...
A high-speed low-complexity time-multiplexing Reed-Solomon (RS)-based forward error correction (FEC) architecture based on pipelined truncated inversionless Berlekamp-Massey (pTiBM) algorithm is presented. The proposed architecture has very high speed and very low hardware complexity compared with conventional RS-based FEC architectures. A high-throughput data rate is facilitated by employing a three-parallel...
Channel variability and a high level of noise lead to a significant probability of packet loss in many underwater networks. Techniques based on packet-level Forward Error Correction (FEC), such as Reed Solomon (RS) codes, can be used to offer effective protection against excessive packet losses that would be generated by noise. In this paper, we propose a new error recovery scheme based on RS codes...
For optimum soft-decision FEC decoding the reduction of the pre-FEC BER but also the quality of the input signal are crucial. We propose the L-value test for reliable prediction of post-FEC BER performance.
This work reports an image encoding scheme that distributes low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding over a prime field of order q, GF(q), on a wireless sensor network (WSN). In the scheme, we divide the input data into several small parts, which are then distributed to multiple nodes to perform a LDPC encoding task in a cluster. We conducted extensive computational simulations to verify our method...
In modern telecommunication systems, FEC has been widely used. The emergence and development of this technology is the need of the telecommunication system itself. In the engineering practice, the ideal digital channel does not exist, which results from distortion and non-isochronous delay. Such result means generating error and jitter, which finally can be reflected in the error code of the system...
This paper introduces a methodology for forward error correction (FEC) architectures prototyping, oriented to system verification and characterization. A complete design flow is described, which satisfies the requirement for error-free hardware design and acceleration of FEC simulations. FPGA devices give the designer the ability to observe rare events, due to tremendous speed-up of FEC operations...
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