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Underwater sensor networks (UWSN) have two major challenges: limited bandwidth and high propagation delay. In-network processing can improve the performance of UWSN data flow in the network, leading to better channel utilization. In order to do this, processing nodes have to be deployed to perform local processing, such as compression, mining, and feature extraction on the collected data. In this...
While using Wireless Sensor Network for monitoring the remote patient's health situations, data related to that patient is stored in the sensors and the huge amount of data results in buffer and link overflow. The buffer and link overflow causes the problem of congestion which results in loss of packet and transmission delay. Congestion is a situation in which buffer overloaded with excessive data,...
This paper demonstrates a high accurate split mode tuning fork gyroscope with sub-degree per hour stability. The gyroscope sensing element is fabricated in an 80µm-thick SOI process and sealed in a wafer level vacuum package. Interfaced with an ultra low noise CMOS readout circuit, this gyroscope achieves 0.006 deg/√h angle random walk (ARW) and 0.18 deg/h bias instability. Its corresponding zero...
With the growing demand for wireless applications, there is an incalculable rise in bandwidth consumption that in turn leads to the spectrum scarcity. The conflict between spectrum underutilization and spectrum scarcity is solved by a well-known technology called Cognitive Radio (CR). The main aim of CR is to exploit unutilized spectrum of licensed users/Primary Users (PUs) and enable opportunistic...
Nanoscale CMOS Silicon on Insulator (SOI) technology is a design environment suitable for integrated circuits and systems. Watt-level stacked power amplifiers (PAs) implemented in CMOS SOI technology operating from RF to mm-wave frequencies have been demonstrated. The challenge is to improve PA efficiencies to the level achieved by GaAs and GaN technologies. CMOS SOI technology also offers a unique...
Processing-in-memory (PIM) provides high bandwidth, massive parallelism, and high energy efficiency by implementing computations in main memory, therefore eliminating the overhead of data movement between CPU and memory. While most of the recent work focused on PIM in DRAM memory with 3D die-stacking technology, we propose to leverage the unique features of emerging non-volatile memory (NVM), such...
The dynamic spectrum allocation is important to improve spectrum efficiency usage of available radio spectrum. Cognitive radio has emerged as a solution to dynamic spectrum access, due to its adaptability and re-configurability. The main problem of cognitive radio is how the secondary users can detect the holes in the frequency band of the primary users. Spectrum sensing is the main feature of cognitive...
Accurate and computationally efficient means for classifying human activities have been the subject of extensive research efforts. Most current research focuses on extracting complex features to achieve high classification accuracy. We propose a template selection approach based on Dynamic Time Warping, such that complex feature extraction and domain knowledge is avoided. We demonstrate the predictive...
Cognitive Radio (CR) networks is well-known for its expertness in solving the problem of spectrum scarcity that reside with wireless resources where unlicensed users can opportunistically perform transmission without impacting the operations of licensed users. Channel switching is inherently necessary to make unlicensed and licensed users to appropriate propagation in the channel. All through the...
The time-varying landscape of spectral congestion is driving the investigation into new forms of “spectrally aware” radar emissions based on passive sensing of the environment. The recent Pseudo-Random Optimized FMCW (PRO-FMCW) framework, which can be viewed as an instantiation of FM noise radar, generates a nonlinear FMCW waveform that does not repeat and is designed using spectrally shaped optimization...
Cognitive networks (CN) introduce an adaptable network architecture which enables efficient sharing of transmission resources among heterogeneous networks. Traditional CN architecture requires each network devices to independently employ channel sensing mechanisms to discover free (or white) spectrum that can be temporarily borrowed for its own use. However, the distributed physical layer-based channel...
The paper describes a novel algorithm for timely sensor data retrieval in resource-poor environments under freshness constraints. Consider a civil unrest, national security, or disaster management scenario, where a dynamic situation evolves and a decision-maker must decide on a course of action in view of latest data. Since the situation changes, so is the best course of action. The scenario offers...
In this paper, we proposed the design of a dual band printed inverted F antenna for energy harvesting inside a fuel tank at 900 MHz ISM. The second operational frequency is so chosen that it shifts to the 900 MHz ISM when the antenna is immersed in fuel. An ‘U’ shaped slot is made in the ground plane to achieve higher bandwidth in the immersed condition. The bandwidth (−6dB) achieved is 38 MHz in...
Radar is a technique commonly used to determine the instantaneous distance between moving objects. This paper proposes the application of a frequency-modulated continuous wave technique for the purpose of drift sensing in a structural health monitoring context. This context requires the measurement of interstorey drift ratios to determine the damage to a structure. Any structural health monitoring...
In this paper, a novel fusion center controlled media access control (MAC) protocol for physical wireless parameter conversion sensor networks (PHY-C SN) is proposed. In PHY-C SN, the sensing information is converted to correspond subcarrier numbers of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals and sensor nodes can send sensing information simultaneously. Conventionally, each sensor...
Opportunistic spectrum access is a key technology for the development of novel applications with stringent QoS requirements on top of wireless sensor networks. However, the many challenges posed by opportunistic spectrum access itself are further exacerbated by the power constrained nature of wireless sensors and the QoS requirements of the applications to be supported. In this work we consider the...
Frequency multipliers are key components for high quality sinusoidal signal provision in millimeter-wave systems. Suppression of unwanted harmonics is an important challenge, for regulatory reasons, but also since unwanted harmonics can negatively impact system performance. Explicit filtering of fundamental frequency and unwanted harmonics (even interstage in cascaded multipliers), comes at the expense...
This paper describes Team THOR's approach to sliding autonomy in manipulation and full body control of a disaster response robot for the 2015 DARPA Robotics Challenge (DRC) Finals. Under the duress of unpredictable bandwidth constraints, autonomous behaviors become critical for reducing response time and dealing with dynamic disturbances. However, the nature of disaster response presents situations...
This paper presents a MEMS based electrochemical seismometer with controllable insulating layers, enabling the active regulation of the frequency characteristics of the sensors. More specifically, the insulating layers were made of spin-coating SU-8 photoresist, and thus the thickness can be fine tuned by regulating the spin-coating speed. Moreover, the frequency characteristics of a series of devices...
A future smart phone will become a mobile terminal that communicates with a number of diverse sensors perpetually. This never-resting RF communication will cut the battery life drastically, unless the power consumption per RF communication reduces accordingly while maintaining reasonable performance. This paper presents the recent evolution of a translational circuit (or N-path filter) to enable a...
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