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Information exchange for the purpose of creating situational awareness is the backbone of distributed systems that rely on communication. For example, connected vehicle safety systems rely on exchange of information between vehicles to allow each vehicle to create a real time map of its surrounding cars. These systems work by sampling the state of a physical process (vehicle trajectory) and communicating...
There is a demand for autonomous driving control in front-wheel steering vehicles because it is expected to make driving safer and easier and also to reduce the driving workload. In order to perform safe driving with autonomous driving control, it is necessary to consider unexpected disturbances when the vehicle is moving and that tire forces have limitations. We propose autonomous driving control...
Presented herein is a study on the use of low-cost technology for the data collection and clasification on roadway pavement defects, by use of sensors from smartphones and from automobiles' on-board diagnostic (OBD-II) devices while vehicles are in movement. The smartphone-based data collection is complimented with artificial intelligence-based (AI) pattern recognition techniques for the classification...
Probe vehicles consist in mobile traffic sensor networks that evolve with the flow of vehicles, transmitting velocity and position measurements along their path, generated using GPSs. To address the urban positioning issues of GPSs, we propose to replace them with inertial measurement units onboard vehicles, to estimate vehicle location and attitude using inertial data only. While promising, this...
Vehicles play an important role in transportation. Using fossil fuels as their source of energy, they are a source of pollution. HEVs are improving and a day will come that they will take over the role of conventional vehicles. In the path of improving HEVs, optimizing components sizes of the vehicle and better strategy controls are vital methods to reach the desired goals. In this path practical...
Fuel consumption is an important factor in the route search for vehicular navigations. In this paper, we propose a personalized eco-friendly route search method that considers the driver's driving style, road traffic, geographic information and vehicular parameters. Firstly, we classify the driving styles into three categories (calm, normal and aggressive) by adopting a Learning Vector Quantization...
Pay-how-you-drive (PHYD), which has already been recognized as the most promising differentiated commercial vehicle insurance product in usage based insurance (UBI), can objectively analyze the risk level of each insured vehicle by analyzing its driving style from raw data collected by on-board diagnosis (OBD) module set up on it. Finding certain kinds of driving styles, or risk modes from raw data...
In order to analyze the movement and damage risk of the children in the vehicle offset impact. The paper adopts Q3 dummy and two kinds of child restraint system (5-point harness type, impact shield type CRS) FE model. Based on the acceleration and angel from the crash conditions about frontal impact in 25%, 40% and full overlap, the numerical analysis sled crash models are established. The results...
Public transport plays an importation role in our daily life. The information related to passengers satisfaction is very beneficial for optimizing the transportation service. This paper investigates an application of mobile crowd sensing to detect and analyze the riding quality of public transport vehicles. The lightweight system leverages sensors equipped on participants' smartphones to collect surrounding...
It's necessary to study vehicle emission characteristics and emission factors for establishing vehicle emission inventory and the corresponding control strategy. The paper presents the results of on-board exhaust emission tests of diesel and Compressed Natural Gas vehicles under real road conditions of city traffic using a PEMS equipment. The results show that the PEMS equipment can be used to test...
There are more and more female passengers presently. How to protect the safety of female passengers effectively is a problem to be solved. The study in this paper is based on the safety of 5th percentile female in Euro-NCAP full frontal impact test. This paper studied the restraint performance of front row 5th percentile female through built and correlated the CAE models with MADYMO to analysis the...
In the international regulations and standards for child restraint system, the standard ECE R44 issued by the European Economic Commission and the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards -- FMVSS213 are widely used in the world. In this paper, we study the FMVSS213 standard. Child restraint system dynamic test performance is an important index for evaluating it's safety, In this paper, based on FMVSS213...
This paper introduces a non-linear observer for dead reckoning of a fixed-wing UAV. The sensors used are an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), a camera, an altimeter, a magnetometer, and an inclinometer. A machine vision system calculates the optical flow (OF), which is used to provide the body-fixed velocity of the UAV. The observer is able to estimate attitude, gyro bias, vertical position, linear...
Small overlap crash covers 48% of all road accidents every year and is being a most common form of accidents. Analysis of different test methods of NHTSA RMDB offset oblique, IIHS small overlap and car-car 25% small overlap is made. A mid-level sedan is chosen for the test of three kinds of offset impact. Through the comparative analysis of car body deformation, body motion state and dummy injury,...
The NASA Mars Exploration Program has invested technology funds over the last couple of years to advance design concepts for a Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV) and technologies that may be enhancing or enabling for various architectures to be pursued. A Mars Ascent Vehicle would fly on a potential future Mars Lander mission to recover and return the samples to be acquired by the Mars 2020 rover, or another...
The entrance and exit zones of urban tunnel have been considered as the most dangerous parts along the tunnel for its sharp changes of the driving environment. The objective of this paper is to extract a comprehensive measure from numerous original measures which reflect drivers' Nanoscopic behaviors to measure the safety of urban tunnel entrance and exit. Field test was conducted at Xi'an men tunnel...
Transferring humans while carrying loads on all types of terrains efficiently using compact means of transportation is still a challenge. This may be due to the unstructured areas humans need to move through, or due to traffic congestions in structured roads. Some compact-size, light-weight transportation systems have been developed but they provide only a partial solution to the stated problem. This...
Pay-how-you-drive (PHYD), which is an advanced product form in usage based insurance (UBI) for vehicle, takes not only driving habit and behavior into consideration in its actuary process, but geographical factors, sociological factors, psychological factors, and even meteorological factors as well. PHYD insurance product is supported by refinement and analysis based on raw driving data of insured...
Field Operational Tests are conducted in the automotive industry to obtain data in large-scale testing programs under real operating conditions. In this paper we present a novel measuring device, which has many advantages compared to common instrument devices employed for Field Operational Tests. It consists of a Micro-Electro-Mechanical System inertial sensor and a GPS module coupled with a Raspberry...
In this paper, we present a distributive target-centric formation controller with saturated control action for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The desired target-centric formation is maintained using consensus protocol. We show that if there exists at least one vehicle in the group of agents who has the complete target information and corresponding communication graph is connected, then...
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