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The Cognitive Radio (CR) is a fully-reconfigurable wireless device that can intelligently sense, manage, and exploit temporarily-vacant licensed spectrum bands during the absence of incumbent users. Broadly, the IEEE 802.22 is the first complete Wireless Regional Area Network (WRAN) standard that utilizes CR technology in the opportunistic access of white spaces in the television (TV) bands. Intrinsically,...
Photovoltaic cells are characterized via a static relationship that describes their current-voltage dependency. This relationship depends on two critical uncertain parameters: temperature and solar irradiance. While it is technologically feasible and easy to measure the former, a sensor for the latter is usually expensive and difficult to calibrate. In this work we show that estimation of solar irradiance...
Online social media such as Weibo generates copious and to-the-minute information about real-world events of all kinds. How to effectively and efficiently detect emergent events from massive tweet streams is now drawing attention from various sources of every interest. Despite the wealth of previous research work, bursty topic detection (or burst prediction) remains a huge challenge because of certain...
Limited research efforts have been made for Mobile CrowdSensing (MCS) to address quality of the recruited crowd, i.e., quality of services/data each individual mobile user and the whole crowd are potentially capable of providing, which is the main focus of the paper. Moreover, to improve flexibility and effectiveness, we consider fine-grained MCS, in which each sensing task is divided into multiple...
The occurrence of emergency situations in high-rise buildings, daily hosting hundreds of people, may force the massive evacuation of their occupants with the ultimate goal of preventing the loss of lives. In this paper, we propose an adaptive algorithm for dynamically computing safe evacuation routes, while the load of people is balanced between the accesses of each floor of the building, thus avoiding...
Traditional monitoring sensor has fixed sampling frequency. Whether the frequency is too high or too low, it is easy to cause some problems. This paper firstly puts forward sensor with changeable sampling frequency and its control algorithm. Considering the special circumstance that some nodes of the wireless sensor network are faulty, a trust model based on changeable sampling frequency. It is an...
To accelerate research and development of the autonomous capabilities of micro aerial vehicles we have developed flight control framework, ROSflight, as a research tool. ROSflight makes development of autopilot code easier and more efficient by minimizing the use of embedded systems, incorporating the Robot Operating System and using off-the-shelf and open-source hardware and software. Motivation...
Deriving trust relationships from real-world social interactions may contribute significant information towards social behaviour understanding. The level of trust among people constitutes an insightful parameter for describing the social context but also an important measure for security and privacy in pervasive systems. Current works for deriving trust relationships either consider only on-line social...
"Cold Start" in participatory sensing applications refers to the initial stage in service deployment, during which service adoption remains sparse and, hence, the collected data does not offer adequate coverage. Predictive models, learned from data, offer a way to generalize from sparse observations, but the models themselves need to be statistically reliable to offer a reliable service...
Cognitive radio technology is a new network technology that aims to utilize unused or rarely used spectrum bands efficiently. The main objective of cognitive radio networks is that secondary users sense the frequency band with available spectrum detection techniques and utilize unused parts of the spectrum. While secondary users use the empty spectrum bands; if primary users want to use their own...
We transfer the concept of plug-and-play devices from general purpose operating systems to sensors and actuators in model-based designs of embedded systems. So far, device vendors take the liberty of writing their device drivers for specific operating systems using their own vendor-specific implementation style. Consequently, the diversity of drivers limits the application of the device and the absence...
Wireless radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting has been adopted in wireless networks as a method to supply energy to wireless nodes, e.g., sensors. In this paper, we present a new analysis of the wireless energy harvesting network based on a Boolean-Poisson model. This model considers that the energy sources have a fixed coverage range. The energy sources are distributed according to a Poisson point...
This work studies and explains the importance of discretization errors in the reconstruction of target motion states in radar problems using compressed sensing. The statistical attributes of these errors, such as the average, the variance and the probability density function, are estimated empirically by performing a large number of simulations. Furthermore, the performance of basis pursuit de-noising...
This paper presents a modular designed dynamic positioning (DP) experiment system. Three modules are designed for the DP experiment system, which are onboard computer module, position sensing module and onshore control computer module. The hardware system and software are introduced. A PC/104 computer is used as the main controller of the onboard computer system, and an ARM microcontroller is used...
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are tightly coupled with the environment, and therefore it is important that interactions with the surroundings like Human-Computer-Interactions are performed very responsive. Since CPS are often embedded without traditional input devices, like in medical or automotive contexts, gesture recognition approaches are emerging. As those algorithms are computationally complex...
Occupant behavior determines a large share of the energy consumption of buildings. Software applications driven by information about occupant behavior provide a mean to optimize this share. However, existing systems for sensing occupancy behavior provide technology-specific APIs statically coupled to the type of computed occupancy information. Software platforms for developing applications for buildings...
With the advent of Internet of Things (IoT) Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) seem to play key a role in the connectivity of smart objects. The limited resources of WSN devices and the increased demand for new and more sophisticated services call for new and more efficient architectures. The new architectures should ensure energy-efficiency, flexibility, reliability and robustness. We believe that using...
Some sources transmit periodic and quasi periodic sparse pulse trains in the environment and a number of sensors might receive them through a single channel simultaneously. It is usually our interest to know which pulse belongs to which source. This identification process has wide applications in communications, radar system, medical applications, and neural systems. Blind source separation (BSS)...
Some periodic and quasi-periodic pulse trains are emitted by different sources in the environment and a number of sensors receive them through a single channel simultaneously. We are often interested in separating these pulse trains for source identification at sensors. This identification process is termed as deinterleaving pulse trains. Deinterleaving pulse trains has wide applications in communications,...
Tracking the movement of individuals in a crowd is an indispensable component to reconstructing crowd movement, with applications in crowd surveillance and data-driven animation. Typically, multiple sensors are distributed over wide area and often they have incomplete coverage of the area or the input introduces noise due to the tracking algorithm or hardware failure. In this paper, we propose a novel...
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