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Mini modern techniques rely on multipllcation as the fundamental operation. Among the different ways of performing multiplication, Montgomery multiplication introduced by Peter Montgomery is the widely used algorithm. Despite improvements in the clock frequency and the level of parallelism of conventional microprocessors, software-based implementation of Montgomery multiplication remains insufficient...
The actual methods of improvement the existent wireless transmission systems are proposed. Mathematical apparatus is considered and proved by models, graph of which are shown. The results shows that improvements which are joined with space-time processing positively reflects on LTE cell size or on throughput.
Noise has become an element of disturbance specifically in industrial equipment. Noise may be in electrical form or in mechanical form. The later form is addressed in this paper. In the instruments used in industries, mechanical vibrations constantly occur. These are needed to be addressed and removed, else they cause the actual signal to get corrupted. This corrupted signal will not give exact results...
MIMO radar can provide enhanced spatial resolution and achieve better target detection performance. Hence the parameter identifiability of the system can be significantly improved. In this paper, the issue of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is discussed, and several algorithms for DOA tracking based on monostatic MIMO radar in impulsive noise background...
The spatial spectrum indicates the energy distribution in all directions. If we can get the spatial spectrum, then the spectrum holes in space are known. In spatial spectrum sensing of cognitive radio, an electronically steerable parasitic antenna receptor (ESPAR) divides the space into sectors which are accessed by directional beamforming on a time division basis. Hence, the energy at different direction...
The speed of user equipment (UE) is significant in improving the performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Estimating the speed can help in adaptively allocating resources to users, reducing call drop rate in handoff, selecting the optimal radiation pattern, etc. The Doppler spread caused by the relative movement between transmitter and receiver can be utilized to estimate...
This paper proposes an adaptive filtering system where a least-square algorithm and a stochastic gradient algorithm are alternately switched depending on its operational mode. The switching mechanism is quite simple and realized with a small amount of computational cost. Several numerical examples show that the resulting filter could achieve both sufficiently fast convergence and enhanced robustness...
This paper presents generalization on the Improved Fractional Kalman Filter (ExFKF) for estimation over lossy network with packets delay. This generalization is based on the infinite dimensional form of a linear discrete fractional variable order state-space system and measurements equation augmentation. Some simulation cases are given in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms,...
Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) is a signaling standard in telecom applications that produces two tones simultaneously for each key press. The DTMF tones are chosen such that decoding the pressed key from the received tones is very easier. The DTMF tone detection is very crucial block in several telecom based embedded systems. As the current generation embedded systems are looking for key feature...
This paper concerns active control of impulsive noise. Due to nature of impulsive noise, it is very hard to be reduced with classical noise control algorithms. They used to diverge after suddenly receiving high signal values. Several algorithms have been proposed for this purpose, which are usually modifications of the popular FXLMS algorithm. In this paper an algorithm based on FXLMS, but incorporating...
In this investigation, an adaptive filter algorithm using Fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) has been developed for enhancement of targets in microstructure noise. In particular, the FrFT is introduced as a transformation tool to prepare ultrasonic signals for a more compact support. It also reduces the non-stationarity of signals. Furthermore, a normalized least mean square (NLMS) filter is applied...
Digital filters are used in signal processing to improve the quality of signal and to remove/reduce noise. Fog is a type of unwanted signal which create visuality difference between object and viewer. For removing this type of unwanted signal, digital filters are used. Digital filter is divided into two parts: finite impulse response (FIR) and infinite impulse response (IIR). The author introduced...
A distributed adaptive algorithm for estimation of sparse unknown parameters in the presence of nonGaussian noise is proposed in this paper based on normalized least mean fourth (NLMF) criterion. At the first step, local adaptive NLMF algorithm is modified by zero norm in order to speed up the convergence rate and also to reduce the steady state error power in sparse conditions. Then, the proposed...
In this paper, an algorithm for energy efficiency optimization is designed in a point-to-point narrowband Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) system with Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT). Power splitting architecture is assumed for the receiver, which would split the received Radio Frequency (RF) signals into two independent streams for information decoding and energy harvesting,...
The filtered-x least mean square (FxLMS) algorithm for active noise control (ANC) systems is based on the second order moment of the error signal. In this paper we consider ANC for impulsive noise having peaky distribution with heavy tail. Such impulsive noise can be modeled using non-Gaussian stable process for which the second order moments do not exist, and hence, the FxLMS algorithm becomes unstable...
This paper proposes an adaptive bilinear filter with a diagonal-channel structure for nonlinear active noise control. Based on the diagonal-channel structure, the diagonal-channel bilinear filtered-X least mean square (DBFXLMS) and recursive least square (DBFXRLS) algorithms are derived. In order to reduce the computational load for the DBFXRLS algorithm, the DBFXRLS algorithm with a sequential channel...
The paper describes measurement and non-parametric estimation of the phase difference with stronger inhibition of the spectral leakage. Phase difference is estimated by DFT coefficients around the component peaks using the Rife-Vincent windows class I and the minimum side-lobe level windows.
The safety is very important for urban rail transit. So it is the necessary to detect the crack of subway tunnel to keep the secure of the line. In traditional way, relevant staffs are asked to go into the tunnel to detect the crack by naked eye. But this method is too inefficiency to meet the actual demand. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to detect the crack based on the image processing....
Smart antenna is a system based on the antenna elements which are distributed uniformly as array and on the beamformig (BF) algorithm. Each element in the array receives the wave plane signals individually, and then, the beamformer tries to produce the optimum weight for each element with respect to the reference element in the array. This technique is called beamformig. MVDR is one of the most important...
Most of the ancestral disorders or naturalistic abnormalities that may be occurring in the succeeding generations can be identified through the analysis of appearance and morphological characteristics of each chromosome. Human Chromosome image analysis comprised of image preprocessing, total variation regularization, segmentation, attributes extraction, and image diagnosis. Karyotyping is the most...
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