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The US Navy is presently developing a number of new advanced electrical loads for deployment upon future vessels. Many of these loads will require high power supplied in a transient manner for successful operation. The transient nature brings about unique challenges to the shipboard power system that have not been previously faced. Traditional power generation sources alone, such as diesel and gas...
The integration of energy storage devices is essential to handle the high-power ramp-rate loads in all-electric ships. This paper presents a novel predictive control method to manage the energy flow among distributed resources including generators and a bulk energy storage. The system objective, which guarantees the high-power ramp-rate operation of pulsed power load, will be formulated based on the...
Pulsed power loads present a difficult scenario for ship power systems to handle. Loads such as radar or energy weapons often demand a large amount of power in a short amount of time. This creates issues for the generators that supply the power to these loads due to the ramp rate constraints. By incorporating energy storage and combining the energy producers and users into a single power system, the...
Future shipboard power system architectures are designed to service high-power pulsed loads through a combination of generators and energy storage for volume and weight considerations. Optimal control solutions therefore depend on both past and future events. This complicates evaluation of the relative performance of different architectures due to dependence on controller strategies and algorithms...
Large-capacity energy storage generator with short-term rapid conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy characteristic, is often used as a pulse power supply for short-term and high-power load occasions. The rotate speed will rapidly decline, when large-capacity energy storage generator releases large energy to a DC load, and the power of the load will approximately linearly increase...
The Cretan power system is the largest autonomous power system in Greece, and it consumes around 5% of the total Greek electricity demand. It contains a large number of conventional power stations that are combined with significant installed capacity of wind farms and photovoltaics. This paper is evaluating the effect of a large wind-hydro hybrid power station installation in this system. The analysis...
This paper presents an optimal procedure for controlled electricity black start for electricity distribution grids in reaction to adverse events or malicious cyber attacks resulting in the interruption of the main power supply from transmission network. The islanded operation is supposed to be guaranteed by an electric energy storage system, which covers the network imbalance between demand and supply...
The paper presents an approach to making the complete energy management diagrams for a system composed of renewable energy generators, utility-grid connections and a number of various energy storages. The method is very general and can be applicable to almost arbitrary system configuration that can be defined by components and rules. The system components are categorized according to their roles (source/sink/both),...
We study the profitable amount of additional storages in the German electricity network. The more storages there are the less profitable they become. To account for this effect, we construct a price model based on German data from 2015. This price model is based on the merit order theory and the explanatory variables are conventional generation and export. Then we build a cost model for different...
Polish power system is facing increase in demand for energy relative to stagnation in development of installed power capacity, caused mainly by CO2 emissions reduction policy. Therefore, investments resulting with increase of energy efficiency, hence lower emissions relative to produced power are becoming more important. Recently much greater attention is diverted to cogeneration of heat and electric...
Nowadays, mini-grids can provide reliable and cheap electricity also to far communities of developing countries. Diesel generators can ensure backup power, in addition to renewable sources and energy storage devices. However, poor infrastructures, severe weather conditions and a difficult procurement chain can strongly influence the fuel delivery, thus reducing the continuity of supply. The present...
In the last years a great interest has been paid in the relevant literature to the benefits deriving from the use of direct current for ship power systems. This is in compliance with the most recent concept about all-electric-ship and smart electrical distribution for achieving better performances by exploiting as far as possible the potentiality of integrated power systems. In this context the storage...
Power generation in a PV system is defined by its V-I, and V-P characteristics. These curves are function of instantaneous solar irradiation and cell temperature; and outline the maximum power that the system can supply at any given moment. As a consequence of this PV systems lack overload capacity, which is common in traditional rotating generators; and therefore, PV systems cannot supply short term...
There are novel technical solutions and complex market roles in the energy market that cannot be associated with one single market participant and thus are difficult to be fitted into the current energy market environment. The article analyzes these assets and roles to help regulators encourage the spread of energy storage assets, enable demand-side flexibility and its appearance on the flexibility...
Recent studies have shown that multi-step optimization based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) can effectively coordinate the increasing number of distributed renewable energy and storage resources in the power system. However, the computation complexity of MPC is usually high which limits its use in practice. To improve the efficiency of MPC, in this paper, we apply a distributed optimization method...
Energy storage systems (ESS) have been proposed for voltage regulation to ameliorate power quality issues caused by solar photovoltaics (PV) on distribution networks. In this paper ESS are compared with conductor reinforcement, in-line voltage regulators and reactive power support for this purpose. They are compared on a case study from the South West of the UK with existing voltage rise problems...
This paper proposes a controller for energy storage (ES) to improve damping of power system oscillation. The controller manages charge and discharge of an ES device to respond to the real-time frequency deviation measured locally to provide positive damping effects. The expected damping ratio improvement from an ES equipped with this controller is derived mathematically from a single-machine-infinite-bus...
With the development of renewable energy, many countries developed their projects in offshore islands, resulting in high penetration of renewable energy in those island systems. However, large renewable energy integration affects the original unit scheduling and system transient stability. When a contingency event occurs, such as a generator trip, the frequency stability would be reduced, even leading...
This paper develops a rate-based model predictive controller for handling large power load transients through coordination of the engine and hybrid power subsystems in an aircraft. Simulations on a nonlinear model of a small UAV show that constraint enforcement is improved when the controller is able to coordinate the subsystems within the aircraft and anticipate changes in the power load.
Careful design and planning is essential for successful integration of energy storage system (ESS) in a shipboard dc hybrid power system. An optimization model for resiliency enhancement and total cost reduction is proposed in this paper. The resilience of a shipboard power system with and without ESS are evaluated by means of resiliency index values under fault conditions. Furthermore, the influence...
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