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We report on a miniaturized, exchangeable drug delivery cartridge for Parkinson's Disease which is integrated in a partial removable prosthesis. An osmotic pumping principle uses saliva to release constantly a separately stored drug to the buccal mucosa, thus avoiding first pass metabolism and drug plasma level fluctuations. Therapeutic relevant information and fill level of the cartridge can be determined...
A novel benchtop model of drug elution and arterial drug deposition following stent implantation has been developed. The model contains a single drug loaded strut and a compartment simulating the vessel wall, housed in a flow chamber under a pulsatile flow regime. Each component has programmable transport properties that can be implemented into a computational model of drug elution. An initial experiment...
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), a well documented and widely accepted polymer for synthesis of drug delivery nanoparticles for controlled release applications, is used in this study in conjunction with maleic acid (MA), a non-toxic, cellular component. This research aims to synthesize polymer nanogels for controlled release of drug by tuning the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of...
We present a method for accurate, real-time tracking of drug dose volume in reservoir-based drug pump systems using electrochemical impedance measurements. Detection of physiologically-relevant drug volumes (500 nL–64 µL) and on-the-fly flow rate variations (2.78–80 µL/min) from a MEMS drug delivery system were demonstrated. The sensor consists of two microelectrodes integrated within the drug reservoir...
We have developed a magnetically controlled MEMS drug delivery device for on-demand release of defined quantities of an anti-cancer drug, docetaxel (DTX). A drug-loaded micro reservoir (Ø6mm×550µm) is sealed by a 40µm-thick elastic magnetic PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) membrane with a laser-drilled aperture (∼100×100µm2). Discharge of the drug solution and the release rates are controlled by an external...
This paper demonstrates that polarization microscopy can be a very useful tool for observing the dissolution processes of electrospun drug-loaded nanofiber mats, and thus providing useful information for preparing drug-loaded nanofibers with high quality. With icariin as the model active pharmaceutical ingredient and PVP K30 and K60 as filament-forming matrix, three different types of drug-loaded...
This syringe will be used to deliver biodegradable PLGA microspheres containing a pharmaceutical agent to patients during surgery. A hydrogel will be utilized to keep the microspheres in suspension once inserted in vivo.
Iontophoresis relies on active transportation of the charged medication agent within an electric field and delivers medication transdermally. It uses electric current to ionize drug molecules and propel them through the skin. It is a kind of transdermal drug delivery method, and hence the method has to handle the variability in skin characteristics of a patient. In this paper, a preliminary study...
This paper presents an intelligent control approach for blood pressure system using self-generating fuzzy neural networks (SGFNN). The proposed SGFNN is simple and effective and is able to generate a fuzzy neural network to model unknown nonlinearities of complex blood pressure system. This paper investigates the use of fuzzy neural network technique for modeling and automatic control of mean arterial...
We present the state-of-the-art and future strategies for magnetic materials and functional coatings for biomedical microrobots. Coatings for sensing chemicals and for drug-delivery as well as ways of implementing them are being investigated. Two examples related to intraocular microrobots are shown in this work: a luminescence polymer-dye composite coating for the detection of intraocular oxygen;...
Poly Dimethyl Siloxane (PDMS) microneedle mold having tapered cone tips for a potential nanoparticle-based drug delivery was introduced and investigated. The fabrication of PDMS mold was performed with laser writer, which has great efficiency in repeatability and simplicity. Nanoparticles, such as polystyrene, was drop-casted at the tip of biocompatible polymers of carboxy methylcellulose (CMC) and...
This paper presents rapidly dissolving fibroin microneedles for the first time. A reverse PDMS microneedles mold was first created and drug-contained fibroin solution was poured into this reverse PDMS microneedles mold. Fibroin microneedles were successfully fabricated after drying and detaching the solidified fibroin structure from the PDMS mold. These fibroin microneedles serve as a matrix to incorporate...
Ultrasound exposure parameters that maximize drug release from liposomes were studied using two ultrasound transducers (300 kHz and 1 MHz). Variations in acoustic peak negative pressure (260–2037 kPa), temporary average intensity (0.05–6.08 W/cm2), mechanical index (MI) (0.4–3.0), insonation time (0.5–20 minutes), pulse repetition frequency (PRF) (100–1000 Hz) and pulse length (0.05–0.4 ms) were studied...
We have been investigating ultrasound-mediated drug delivery from microbubbles (MBs) as an alternative therapy to reduce hyper-proliferation of smooth muscle cells. We sought to determine if MB size affects drug delivery, cell viability, or cell adherence. Control, DiI, and drug-incorporated-rapamycin-microbubbles (R-MBs) were size sorted into “small” and “large” sub-populations with number-average...
In this work we are reporting on the development of a novel Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) device based on MEMS technology for drug delivery in the treatment of ocular diseases. The miniaturized SAW drug delivery device will be placed on the eye surface to allow non-invasive long-term drug application based on the programmed timeline and electronic control of a drug regiment. This novel drug delivery...
Several studies have demonstrated that focused ultrasound (FUS) in the presence of microbubbles is able to temporarily disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and deliver drugs to the central nervous system. While magnetic resonance-guided FUS (MRgFUS) treatments have shown promising results in targeted drug delivery, one question still remains how much the blood vessel permeability can be enhanced...
A layered model describing the drug delivery from polymeric coating into arteries after stenting procedures is developed. By the aid of the numerical technique, the effects of the order of the fractional derivative and the permeability of the membrane are examined. The results show that the order of the fractional derivative and the permeability affect the diffusion process in different ways. It can...
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