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Sonphoresis can increase skin permeability to various drugs in transdermal drug delivery (TDD) and cavitation is recognized as the predominant mechanism of sonophoresis. In order to increase cavitation activity on the skin surface, dense liquid phase gas core cavitation seed was designed instead of commercially available ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). The effect of specialized cavitation seed...
A composite hydrogel, using chitosan and gelatin was formulated. Chitosan-gelatin hydrogel in ratio 0.5:1 was prepared in lactic acid (2%). The poor mechanical strength of the gel was overcome by crosslinking with 1% (w/v) genipin solution. The properties of composite hydrogel were tested based on the characterizations performed. Swelling test was performed by immersing cross-linked hydrogels in water...
Tetramethyl orthosilicate shows promise as a thin-film delivery vehicle for multi-electrode arrays for drug release and electrical performance; however, its effect upon device footprint has yet to be assessed. Using a previously established silicon wafer chip model, the thickness of one, two, and four protein doped coatings of sol-gel were analyzed via profilometry. Coating thickness was found to...
The technologies for continuous measurement of the anaesthetic agents circulating in body fluids are not mature yet, though some preliminary prototypes exist already. We present a control algorithm that based on the real measurement of propofol plasma concentration may adjust the delivery rate. This opens a possibility for a safer anesthesia when the technologies for online measurement of drug concentration...
A wirelessly powered implantable device is proposed for fully programmable and localized drug delivery. The implant is powered using an external ultrasonic transmitter and operates at < 5% of the FDA diagnostic ultrasound intensity limit. Drug release is achieved through electrical stimulation of drug-loaded polypyrrole nanoparticles. A design methodology for the implant electronics is presented...
This paper demonstrates a dental pulp cell therapy method by using a mixture of a bioceramic materials, simvastatin and collagenase as a drug delivery bioceramic diluent. The drug releasing mechanism and speed are based on a natural diffusion of concentration differences and micro-pinhole sizes on the bioceramic cement, which is composed of the calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and calcium sulfate dihydrate...
This paper presents a novel mechanism and design of capsule endoscope in order to perform an active locomotive capsule endoscope (ALICE) robot integrated with micro-hydraulic pump for drug delivery function. The proposed locomotive capsule endoscope can actively move and investigate in gastrointestinal tract, powered externally by an electro-magnetic actuation (EMA) system. To perform a drug pumping...
Technology for enabling drug delivery with precise control is strongly demanded by patients with diabetes or other chronic diseases. More intelligent functions such as drug loading and delivery in controllable manner without requiring electrical power will make low-cost drug delivery patches come true. One of the promising candidates is triboelectric technology which has been deployed as nanogenerators...
To improve the transdermal delivery of drug, there are many techniques have been reported (Chemical, Iontophoresis, Sonophoresis and Microneedle). Among these techniques, the microneedle technology gained the more attention in recent years. Mainly, there are two types (Solid and Hollow) of microneedles have been reported for the successful drug delivery application. In this paper, we report on the...
In this study, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were used to reinforce chitosan hydrogels, and built a biocompatible, biodegradable and sustained drug release system. The biodegradability, stretchability, and surface structure of the chitosan-HNTs hydrogels were studied. Gentamicin was selected as drug release model. Escherichia coli was used to estimate drug efficacy. Results indicate that HNTs significantly...
Tissue engineered scaffolds play an important role in the repair or regeneration of tissues and organs. Scaffolds provide strength, stability and support for cell and tissue development and growth. Common scaffold materials are natural and synthetic polymers. However, in recent years, an intense research effort has been directed towards developing new scaffold polymers and composite materials. Research...
During the last two decades, there has been an upsurge in exploring the materials and fabrication techniques for microneedles, which promise almost painless penetration in skin. In such a scenario, it is extremely important to understand the mechanics governing the microneedles' penetration into skin alongwith a sound understanding of the flow mechanics governing the microdimensional channels of needles...
The study is devoted to the development of a new gel system, based on a copolymer between itaconic anhydride and 3, 9-divinyl-2, 4, 8, 10-tetraoxaspiro (5.5) undecane (PITAU) and hyaluronic acid, used as a potential platform for drug delivery. PITAU is characterized by good capacity of gel network formation, and good biocompatibility, while hyaluronic acid, a polysaccharide present in the human body,...
In this paper a nano-swimmer with length between 10 to 100nm consisting of a motor, filament and hinged boundaries is controlled by mathematical simulations successfully. A nanoswimmer that lies in a heterodimer magnetic nano-particle is proposed based on existed nano-robots. Dynamic of swimming is simulated by using some sequence of shape changes where magnetic forces act on one-ends of nano-swimmer...
Drug delivery to solid tumors can be expressed physically using biomechanical phenomena such as convection, diffusion of drug in extracellular matrices, and drug extravasation from microvessels. Applying computational methods to solve governing conservation equations clarifies the mechanisms of drug delivery from the injection site to a solid tumor. In this study, multiple tumor geometries were obtained...
In this paper we introduce a methodology for adapting a population model to the actual patient dynamics, i.e. An individualization of target controlled infusion (TCI) based infusion. The solution proposed in this paper is to use the effect site concentration (Ce) of the drug into the patient as a feedback signal and to adapt the parameters of the Hill curve (relating the BIS and Ce) during the induction...
Ebola hemorrhagic fever, causing by the Ebola virus, is a kind of communicable disease of the acute hemorrhagic symptom and is highly infectious for human beings. In order to prevent and control Ebola effectively, this paper establishes an epidemic model and a drug delivery model to study the Ebola virus's drug delivery system.
This paper introduces two online methods for optimal periodic control (OPC) of open-loop stable plants. The first method requires knowledge of the plant structure but allows for uncertainty in plant parameters. It employs recursive least squares to estimate parameters, then uses the estimates to adapt the shape of the optimal trajectory. The second method uses a model-free extremum seeking scheme...
A novel drug delivery device is presented, implementing an electrolytic pump and a thermo-responsive valve. The device is remotely operated by an AC electromagnetic field (40.5∼58.5 mT, 450 kHz) that provides the power for the pump and the valve. It is suitable for long-term therapy applications, which use a solid drug in reservoir (SDR) approach and avoids unwanted drug diffusion. When the electromagnetic...
Long-term contraceptive delivery devices have been shown to be beneficial to delay or stop childbearing. This work presents a novel biodegradable polymeric implant to deliver a contraceptive agent up to one year. The implant is an injectable device, designed and fabricated using biodegradable polymers with varying molecular weights, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, and degradation rates specifically...
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