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Abnormal breathing sounds have been related to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This project aims at the development of a life-size upper airway model for studying the breathing sounds associated with obstructions. A silicone head model was built and connected to a ventilator. With obstructions of different degrees created at different locations inside the airway, the airflow sounds recorded with an...
Movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, ADHD, essential tremor disorder and restless leg syndrome can be difficult to treat due to the complexity of monitoring medication efficacy. Using our multi-sensory system for monitoring dyskinesia disorders, physicians can get insight into the everyday symptoms of their patients. The system we have designed includes an intelligent wristband that has...
Approximately 2000 operators in the SEAL Teams use a personal flotation device (PFD). While it is a necessary safety measure, the current PFDs in use often deploy prematurely causing the operator to then discard the device. We created a system with changeable modes, allowing the user to retain a fully functional vest with an activation system that is not subject to premature deployment. Implementation...
The purpose of this work is to improve breast cancer treatment methods, specifically lumpectomy followed by partial breast radiation. The focus of this project is the development of a post-lumpectomy spacer system capable of subcutaneous positioning. In selected patients partial breast radiation is the most effective method of radiation for lumpectomy patients. A first iteration spacer system was...
A generalized, linear atlgorith m is used for unbiasrd quantification of the orientation of corneal collagen fibers. Its application to SHG microscopy for determining macro structure urthe collagen extracellular matrix is demonstrated.
Among all dual-energy CT (DECT) methods, fast kVp-switching is advantageous in terms of system cost and imaging performance. However, this data acquisition technique leads to a one-view mismatch between high and low voltage projections, and a kind of interpolation is usually required for consistency. In the paper, we propose an image based material decomposition method, which combines data and reconstructed...
The longitudinal assembly of gold nanorods (AuNRs) has previously been demonstrated with alkanedithiols. An analogous assembly of AuNRs has been investigated using peptides containing cysteine, demonstrating similar longitudinal interplasmon coupling to hexanedithiol assemblies. Peptides are an attractive class of molecules for AuNR functionalization due to their functional flexibility and high-throughput...
Spinal Cord Injury is a devastating and debilitating condition. To assess the extent of recovery after rehabilitation, cell transplantation and pharmacological interventions, array of behavioral, electrophysiological and histological techniques are needed. Functional recovery is often assessed using behavior, gait and kinetic testing. While behavior and kinematic testing are possible, kinetic testing...
Actin-myosin crossbridges form in a sarcomere under the control of calcium ions binding to the thin filament. Crossbridges first form weak attachments before they transform into strong bonds that generate force. An appropriately simplified model of this action is critical for developing higherlevel models of cardiac function. Models can be simplified by separating slower from faster processes, where...
Traditional screening techniques and mass screening model of soil-transmitted helminths pose certain challenges to the eradication of infection within a population. The sereening technique proposed in Ihis paper overcomes these challenges by offering high throughput screening allow costs.
Porphyrin-phospholipids are used to coat upconversion nanoparticles in order to generate a new biocompatible material. The nanoparticles are characterized in vitro and in vivo for imaging via fluorescence, upconversion, positron emission tomography, computed tomography, Cerenkov
Here we report the development of a family of nanoparticles that can withstand the harsh conditions of the stomach and intestine, avoid systemic absorption, and provide good optical contrast for photoacoustic imaging. The hydrophobicity of naphthalocyanine dyes was exploited to generate frozen micelles (nanonaps), with tunable near-infrared absorption. Nanonaps, following oral administration in mice,...
Accurate measurement of alveolar volume by lung imaging is crucial to study and understand respiratory mechanics. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), which generates cross-sectional microscopic image of tissue structure in real time based on near-infrared interferometry, can image several layers of distal alveoli in intact, ex vivo lung tissue. However, optical effects associated with heterogeneity...
Micro-scale habitat conditions control the composition and function of microbial communities. For example, the paunch of the eastern subterranean termite has a physical volume of just one microliter, yet is home to a complex community of bacteria, protists, archaea and fungi. Within the termite gut, steep gradients provide spatially-distinct microniches, while close proximity allows a metabolically...
The development of perfused, functional microvascular networks in vitro holds enormous potential for tissue engineering. Neural stem cell niches are commonly observed near microvasculature in vivo. These neurovascular niches promote stem cell maintenance and differentiation through the control of many environmental factors. Recreating microvascular networks in vitro is the first step towards understanding...
Patients with refractory epilepsy would greatly benefit from an accurate seizure forecasting system. This paper introduces a seizure prediction algorithm based on a random forest classifier that uses features computed from continuous intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) measurements in dogs with naturally occurring epilepsy. Results suggest that the proposed model can distinguish between interictal...
An important objective in stem cell research is controlling differentiation of pluripotent stem cells to a desired fate. Previous research in this area has focused on directing differentiation by manipulating morphogens and substrate material/mechanics. However, cell-cell signaling, whether by contact or paracrine signaling, also influences differentiation. One promising direction by which cell-cell...
There is a growing clinical demand for the development of replacement constructs that can emulate native tendon tissue. In this study, a technique to synthesize scaffold-free, single tendon fibers using micro-molded channels is presented. This mold-based channel fabrication technique replaces our previously established laser-based technique, to provide greatly improved reproducibility in 3D channel...
This study investigates the validity of two non-invasive arterial pulse waveforms as viable indirect surrogates of arterial blood pressure waveforms, by conducting a data-driven modeling analysis of arterial wave propagation. Using the so-called “tube-load” model, we examined how well the relation between carotid versus femoral tonometry waveforms as well as carotid tonometry versus ankle pulse volume...
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