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This paper explores the significance of EN50438 as the standard governing the grid-connection of micro-generation to the distribution network. In the context of micro-generation, EN50438 therefore governs the inverter requirement associated with the majority of micro-generation. Another consideration presented in this research is findings and analysis related to the manufacturers stated efficiency...
Historically, electric power system operators have seen photovoltaic (PV) power systems as potential sources of problems due to intermittency and lack of controllability. However, the flexibility of power electronic inverters allows PV to provide grid-friendly features including volt-VAR control, ramp-rate control, high-frequency power curtailment, and event ride-through. These technologies offer...
This paper presents a methodology for the control of active and reactive power feeding to the utility and the load through a single phase grid connected photovoltaic power plant. A two stage control strategy has been used to provide an effective and simplified control to extract maximum power from the PV array as well as to control the reactive power. This paper focuses on simplifying the control...
This paper proposes a design method of low-power photovoltaic grid-connected inverter. The design method is made up of XE162FN control system, DC-AC converter, DC-AC inverter circuit, signal detection circuit and control circuit. The control algorithm of maximum power point tracking has quickly dynamic response and highly steady state accuracy; the control algorithm of grid-connected can realize inverter...
This work presents the modeling, control and operation of a microgrid with three power sources and a storage system. The sources are solar photovoltaic, fuel cell and wind turbine. The objective of this work is to describe useful models of typical sources, the calculation of its parameters and control design of the power electronic converters of the energy sources. The modeling of the full system...
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the sharing of demanded power in a single-phase hybrid micro grid operating in autonomous island mode. We assume that we have DC power sources such as a photovoltaic array and wind turbine in the DC sub-grid that are tied to the AC sub-grid consisting of two uninterruptible power sources (UPS) through a bi-directional single phase inverter. Demand-droop...
This paper presents a new nonlinear control method to regulate the voltage at the output of a DC-DC converter so as to achieve the maximum power point (MPP) of a photovoltaic (PV) system. The proposed adaptive backstepping controller of the system, based on Lyapunov functions to ensure locally stability, is applied to a buck-boost converter. A regression plane is used to initialize reference voltages...
To assess the impact of intermittency of rapidly increasing solar photovoltaic (PV) generation on the grid, this paper presents the dynamic models of PV generation system, the battery energy storage system (BESS) and their associated control systems. The interfaces between these models and the mains grid are also provided. Using such dynamic models, the cloud transient impacts at different penetration...
Building Integrated PhotoVoltaics suffer for mismatching among the operating conditions of different regions of installations. Safety is another typical concern. In this work, we propose to face both issues by arranging the solar array in several sections provided with individual converters, capable to operate in the MPPT mode. Each converter is insulated, so that several converters are connected...
Solar and wind are alternative energy resources which are clean, inexhaustible and environmentally friendly. This study aims to conduct an economic analysis of a grid-connected hybrid PV-wind system in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. The system configurations comprise of grid-only, PV-grid and PV-wind grid system for a small-scale grid connected house with an annual energy consumption of 8.2125MWh. HOMER...
In the current global energy scenario, importance of power generation from renewable energy sources is increasing day by day. The major reasons for this are limited availability of fossil fuels and environmental hazards associated with traditional power generation methods. Out of the various grid connected renewable energy systems, solar photo-voltaic and wind energy systems are most popular. This...
This paper presents a 11 level cascade multilevel inverter which implements the popularly used MPPT algorithms Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance on the PV array which powers the multilevel inverter. Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based controller switching scheme is used to improve the power quality thus to reduce the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The performances are...
In these years the energy production by renewable sources is becoming very important and the photovoltaic (PV) energy seems to be the main renewable source, widely available and easily exploitable. In this context it is necessary to find correct tools to optimize their energy production. This paper presents a new analytical method to estimate the optimal size of a grid connected PV plant linked up...
This work is focused on a photovoltaic system with a three-level neutral-point-clamped quasi-z-source inverter. The maximum power point tracking algorithms based on dP/dV feedback, perturb and observe and incremental conductance have been adapted and tested in this topology using the shoot-through duty cycle as control variable. Simulation results using SimPowerSystem from Matlab/Simulink are presented.
This paper is aimed at securing the electric demand of household appliances up to 2 kW at 230 V during day and night hours using photovoltaic (PV) system. This is achieved by integration PV array, inverter, and LC filter with storage batteries and their charge controller. The system design is based on assessing the total electric power demand and the load profile during day and night hours. During...
The role of measurements is crucial for performance assessment in PV plants. Measurements are of critical importance both on a preliminary stage of model validation and on the subsequent stage of on-line monitoring. Measurement issues are particularly critical above all in large PV plants, where different environmental, geometrical and technical conditions may coexist. This paper addresses such issues,...
Photovoltaic (PV) units along with other distributed energy resources (DERs) are located close to each other in distributed systems and they are equipped with different controllers. In such systems each manipulated variable may affect several controlled variables causing interaction between the input/output loops and degrade the dynamic performance of the system. This paper presents several case studies...
Photovoltaic (PV) plant performance, among many factors, depends on inverter tracking of the maximum power point and its energy conversion efficiency. For a given PV array, under certain environmental conditions, the energy yield depends on the inverter's dynamic response for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) with highly variable array output. This paper describes the theoretical irradiance test...
In photovoltaic (PV) applications, under mismatching conditions, the adoption of a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique which is able to regulate not only the voltages of the PV modules of the array, but also the DC input voltage of the inverter is necessary. Such a technique can be considered an Hybrid MPPT (HMPPT) technique which is neither only distributed on the PV modules of the PV array...
Power and frequency fluctuations are main problems of a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system. To effectively remedy this problem, the appropriate size of battery should be installed into the PV system. The dynamic model of the photovoltaic system and battery are discussed in this paper. Additionally, the dependent structure of solar irradiance and ambient temperature are taken into account. The...
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