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Water desalination has a central role to play in the global challenge for sustainable water supply in the 21st century. But while the membranes employed in reverse osmosis (RO) have benefited from substantial improvements over the past 25 years, several recent advances in materials suggest that new membranes with dramatically higher water permeability will become available in the future. After providing...
The rising penetration of intermittent power sources such as solar photovoltaic systems is a concern for electric utility operators, and techniques to mitigate the effect of power variability have been proposed. One method is to use electric vehicle (EV) batteries, connected through fast bidirectional chargers, as short time scale storage devices for intermittent power sources. This allows the high...
This paper describes a new, simple and fast methodology for analyzing, monitoring and metering energy use and savings in commercial buildings using all-fuel, whole building utility data to create an engineering model that allows analysis at the energy end use level. In combination with a Smart Grid data feed, it offers a set of tools for a radically cheaper, faster and more transparent analysis process...
The inaugural 2013 IEEE Technologies for Sustainability Conference (SusTech) has been organized by the IEEE Oregon Section and the IEEE-USA. The program committee has worked to bring together a program that focuses on a cross-disciplinary look at advances in available as weil as emerging technologies that advance the goals of long-term economic, societal and environmental sustainability for humanity...
This paper suggests a model to study the optimal procurement of energy and ancillary services in a two settlement market. The overall idea is to incorporate the best set of available information a central planner would have at the time of contracting energy in the financial market. This information is the input for setting up a stochastic program using a multi-period Optimal Power Flow. The focus...
Much of the literature regarding “green” or energy-efficient residences deals with techniques such as eliminating thermal bridges, correct orientation of the building on the site, positioning fenestration for daylighting, minimizing costs of space conditioning (heating or cooling). These are essential in the design of new energy-efficient homes, but not always applicable to the existing buildings...
Smart-grid systems (SGS) may comprise distributed generation, automated demand response, mega-watt scale batteries, and a variety of other utility energy resources and programs. Their physical characteristics and operating flexibility within the distribution grid introduce new challenges to solving the power economic dispatch (PED) problem. Good operation of an SGS requires efficient use of available...
This paper examines the feasibility of a low-profile piezoelectric energy harvester that is particularly useful in application where it is used as power source from high mechanical load and imbedding it in the limited space. Two low-profile energy harvesting devices — a piezoelectric ring transducer and set of PZT stacks are designed and tested. The first proposed energy harvester is composed of a...
As the ocean wave energy field continues to mature, developers need a generic modeling methodology to test their designs before building prototypes. A design methodology for a first-pass time-domain simulation is a goal of this work. Built on results from the frequency domain analysis, the general procedure for obtaining time domain results is presented. Wave energy researchers and developers can...
There is a large quantity of data available on the CAN bus of the Chevrolet Volt that can be obtained through the OBD2 connectors on both the passenger and driver side of the vehicle. Although much of this is not available on the console of the vehicle to passengers, with additional equipment it can be logged and collected to analyze various vehicle performance measures and behaviors as well as charging...
This research introduces an energy storage system to deliver microgrid frequency response — the coupling of a doubly-fed induction generator and a squirrel cage induction machine as a motor/generator set to deliver an immediate inertial response to the change of frequency, as well as an inverter and supercapacitors to deliver short term energy response. This paper outlines the simulation, design and...
Microgrids can provide economic benefits, and those benefits can be maximized through intelligent control. This paper applies a fast and reliable linear programming (LP) approach to the economic dispatch of grid-tied microgrids containing any or all of the following resources: conventional generators, energy storage, demand response resources, and non-dispatchable resources (e.g. solar or wind). The...
Integration of distributed energy resources (DER) has become an indispensable aspect of the future smart grid. The significant and valuable impact of these resources is expected to lead toward a more reliable and efficient power system. As the number of distributed generation and storage systems increases, the availability of sensitive and critical loads may be improved by allocating a portion of...
The impact of variable energy resources (VER) on power system reserve and regulation requirements has been a subject of extensive research in recent years. However, the conclusions about the scale of the impact diverge, since most of the results are obtained from specific case studies. This paper proposes a generalized approach to the assessment of power system reserve and regulation requirements...
The variable nature of wind and solar generation could exploit the economic potential of bulk electric energy storage (EES) systems. This paper presents an optimal planning model, a dc optimal power flow (OPF) based multi-period optimization formulation, and its software implementation. The model co-optimizes the investment in all resources including EES while taking their optimal operation into consideration...
Arrays of small ultrathin satellites may someday outperform aircraft-sized satellites. Terrestrial data centers and fiber optic networks are unaffordable in developing countries, but data services delivered from orbit through existing cell towers can serve rural communities and provide jobs in the global economy. New solid state technologies permit mass-produced, paper-thin, 20 cm wide five gram “thinsats”,...
Research into the feasibility of combining multiple renewable energy resources into a portable system led to the development of the Mobile Elemental Power Plant, MEPP. MEPP is a unique solution that currently utilizes two forms of renewable energy through cogeneration to provide portable power. The MEPP replaces a typical transportable gas powered generator combining photovoltaic solar energy and...
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