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A 1.1 um pitch pixel array fabricated by 45 nm 3D stacked technology, can be switched to peripheral circuits on same wafer or to other stacked wafer for process and signal integrity verification. It supports through silicon connection or direct connection to increase the flexibility by separating pixel array and sensing circuit. The novel wide operation range VCO and low power serializer are implemented...
The predicted operation and performance of a 6.65 kW PV system assumed to be located in Galway, Ireland to charge 4 electric vehicles (EVs) is modeled. The performance of AC and DC distribution systems are compared. Models account for the variable efficiencies of power converter blocks as power levels vary. A control strategy is developed to choose when/how many EVs charge based on available PV power...
Most grid-connected photovoltaic inverters in the Indian market are designed based on European standards and have not been tested in the Indian climate. In this paper, the performances of eight photovoltaic inverters from three different manufacturers connected to a 40 kW grid-connected solar plant are assessed. Four photovoltaic topologies namely mono-crystalline, poly-crystalline, copper indium...
A conversion structure based on a multilevel inverter for grid connected photovoltaic applications is presented. The structure includes two T-type three-level inverter, which are connected to grid by a three-phase transformer with the open winding configuration on inverters side. It also includes two insolated strings of PV panels that are feeding each one of the T-type inverters. The obtained multilevel...
This paper details the development of a microgrid test set-up for the purposes of performing electrical system emulation such as load emulation and the emulation of generation equipment such as PV arrays. This test rig is comprised of two 15 kW dc-ac inverters connected in back to back configuration together with a rapid prototyping platform utilizing a Linux PC to interface with the inverter FPGAs...
This paper presents a novel inverter topology that is applied to single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic systems. The proposed topology has an active decoupling function, which not only eliminates the double line frequency ripple power in the dc-link but also accepts large voltage ripple across the decoupling capacitor in order to reduce the requirement of the decoupling capacitance. Traditionally,...
In this paper, a complete simulation set up with auto-design capability is provided with a three-phase Voltage Source Converter (VSC) for grid connection of a photovoltaic (PV) system. In addition to conventional control functions (current control, DC bus control and MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracker), PLL, etc.) the more recent grid-supporting functions such as reactive power-voltage control, power-frequency...
The increase of electric vehicle (EV) and plug-in hybrid-electric vehicle (PHEV) adoption creates a need for more EV supply equipment (EVSE) infrastructure (i.e., EV chargers). The impact of EVSE installations could be significant due to limitations in the electric grid and potential demand charges for residential and commercial customers. The use of renewables (e.g., solar) and local storage (e.g...
This paper presents the simplified active power and reactive power control with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters. With the proposed control strategy, the perturbation and observation method is used for the simple MPPT algorithm and the current command on the stationary reference frame is regulated by the PI current controller. In order...
This paper aims to study the recent work regarding the maximum power point tracker (MPPT) based on a sliding-mode manner for a PV array. Such a MPPT accompanies a perturbation and observation algorithm as well as a boost converter. Moreover, it needs a straight sliding-line and some adjustments on its location until a PV characteristic curve and this sliding line cross each other at the maximum power...
The SRAM bitcell array has been traditionally used as a yield learning vehicle for new technologies. However, the yield of the SRAM bitcell is susceptible to parametric variations and subtle process defects/ variations. In this work a new functional array called the Tristated Inverter Array (TIA) is discussed which is much less susceptible to both parametric variation and subtle process defects while...
High voltage high power semiconductor devices are being used for grid integration of renewable energy sources. 1200V, 100A SiC Mosfets, 10 kV SiC Mosfets and 10kV SiC JBS Diodes have proven to be beneficial for high voltage application. High Voltage SiC devices enable high switching frequency operation thus reducing size of passive elements. Scope of this paper focuses on an alternative approach for...
This article presents a detailed three-phase grid connected PV model which includes important control systems required for EMT-type simulation. A one diode model for the PV array is used to simulate environmental constraints such as solar irradiation. A detailed control system including dc voltage control, inner current control, MPPT and PWM control are implemented in order to simulate the model during...
The paper is to propose a multi-input power converter (MIPC) for hybrid photovoltaic (PV) array, wind turbine (WT), fuel cell (FC) and battery storage (BT) connected AC grid network. The aim is to simplify the power system and reduce the cost. The proposed MIPC consists of a dc-dc converter and a dc-ac inverter. The output power characteristics of the PV array, WT and FC are introduced. The perturbation...
This paper introduces a soft-switched high-frequency-link inverter for grid-tied PV systems. This single-stage inverter can perform the step-up/down operation and also has the ability to effectively harvest the highest possible power from the PV array. The high-frequency link is formed by an ac inductor and a small ac capacitor without the use of bulky short-life electrolytic capacitors. The link...
Solar photovoltaic (PV) system are attaining world wide popularity due to their clean generation mechanism and energy security. The dc voltage obtained from PV system is usually lower than the peak value of the required output voltage of inverter and varies in a wide range. A power transformer is required to step-up the output voltage or a dc-dc converter is required to boost the input dc voltage,...
This paper proposes a complete maximum power point tracking (MPPT) solution for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed MPPT algorithm is a multi-stage algorithm combined with the golden section search (GSS) method and two other commonly used methods: the perturb and observe (P&O) and the incremental conductance (INC). The GSS method is used for its fast convergence time and robustness...
Partial shading is a phenomenon, whereby, certain spots of the photovoltaic (PV) array are shaded, while other parts are left uniformly irradiated. It is caused by the shadow that originates from the obstruction of tall building, chimney, tree, telecom tower and utility power lines. Due to its significant influence in reducing the energy yield, partial shading has attracted considerable interest-particularly...
Analog Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller circuit for photovoltaic (PV) solar system is an attractive solution due to its low cost and capability of easy integration with a normal DC/DC controller in several application like PV pumping system. This paper deals with this subject and presents an analog circuit that utilizes the coordinates of MPP to achieve maximum output power from the...
The difficulty in identifying project sites for installing new hydel power plants or thermal power plants has given a big push for micro power plants particularly near the loads (DIstributed Generation). The paper proposes the selection a suitable small scale industry, base on a few criteria, which can harness solar energy and convert it to electrical energy. The design which is in-line with the load...
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