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Energy efficiency is one of the most critical research issues in the area of wireless sensor networks. This is due to severe resource limitations of sensor nodes, one of the approaches for prolonging the sensor network operable lifetime is to deploy an effective topology control protocol. This paper presents an algorithm called T-TMP algorithm which has been implemented on commercial hardware that...
Distributed Address Assignment Mechanism (DAAM) has been suggested to be used in the ZigBee tree topology for its simplicity and efficiency. However, its topological parameter restricts the shape and extent of the networks, and results in orphan problem and poor coverage. Three alternatives are proposed and evaluated in this article. 2-layer DAAM (2DAAM) uses hierarchical scheme, which divides the...
The early results from connectivity-based sensor network localization suffer from disappointing accuracy. The reason is partly due to the limited information of the problem, and also the deficiencies of the algorithms. This paper proposes a two-level range/indication of connectivity between each pair of nodes, which would indicate three levels of connectivity: strong, weak or nil. Theoretically, the...
This paper focuses on data aggregation scheduling problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), to minimize time latency. Prior works on this problem have adopted a structured approach, in which a tree-based structure is used as an input for the scheduling algorithm. As the scheduling performance mainly depends on the supplied aggregation tree, such an approach cannot guarantee optimal performance....
Sensor networks typically consist of a very large number of nodes with no centralized supervision. As a result, sensor networks are highly prone to an enormous number of logical and physical attacks. These attacks vary from eavesdropping on sensitive information, imputing inaccurate information, to the unintentional failure of nodes as in Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. Many approaches have been...
Load on individual cluster head node increases (decreases) if there exist less (more) than the optimum number of cluster head nodes, As we only fix the the number of cluster heads and as the nodes choose the nearest cluster head for data transmission, the number of supported nodes may vary for different cluster head nodes. This leads to uneven load distribution among nodes in a Wireless Sensor Network...
To extend the lifetime of a large wireless sensor network, it is important to spread the inevitable energy consumption (loads) across the network, and thus reduce hot spots. This article introduces a two-step solution to this issue based on the AODV tier allocation with multiple paths to disperse loads from hot spots. After the allocation, paths for nodes to transmit data back to the sink are decided...
In this paper, we present our findings from the calibration and comparison of selected simulators for wireless sensor networks. This work is motivated by our current research on a framework that optimizes a network-based intrusion detection system for a given application. For this purpose, we need a simulator that supports realistic models for topology, antenna, radio propagation, noise, radio, medium...
The evolution of wireless sensor technology allows for the provision of enhanced services to miscellaneous application domains. In parallel, Quality of Service (QoS) support becomes necessary to satisfy the needs of these new service models. This paper presents QoS requirements from a service model perspective and describes challenges for QoS support in WSNs. We also provide a review of current efforts...
Recent environmental changes have shown the world the importance of sustainable development and these changes demand concrete solutions. The Smart Grid solution is recognized as a key technology to cope with these challenges, not just concerning the environmental impact of greenhouse gases but also regarding the increasing electric demand. Smart Grid is a combination of two networks, the first being...
Due to the importance of topology discovery for many tasks of sensor networks, in this paper, we discuss the basic approaches for network topology discovery, point out the security issues of the network topology discovery and propose possible countermeasures.
Still, the security problems remain one of the major barriers somehow preventing the complete utilization of wireless sensor networks (WSN) technology. Securing the communication channel through encrypting messages sent between nodes grow to be a must. Message encryption using the public key cryptosystems [1] in WSN is infeasible due to its constrained resources. A random key pre-distribution scheme...
Geo-Logical Routing (GLR) is a novel technique that brings the advantages of geographic routing to logical domain, without inheriting the disadvantages of physical domain, to achieve higher routability at a lower cost. It uses topology domain coordinates, derived solely from virtual coordinates (VCs), a better alternative for location information. In logical domain, a node is characterized by a VC...
Energy efficiency is an important consideration in a battery powered wireless sensor network (WSN). We propose an energy efficient Distributed Power Management algorithm with Directional Antenna (DDISPOW) that adaptively manages nodes' power in a dynamic wireless network to preserve network connectivity and reduce interference cooperatively. DDISPOW, with adequate transmit power, is capable of providing...
In clustering algorithm of wireless sensor networks, to solve the problem of excessive energy consumption in the cluster heads, an residual energy and node position synthesized grid-based distributed topology control algorithm is proposed in this paper. In cluster heads election phase of every round, it considers the residual energy and the average energy of all the nodes in each cluster, an optimal...
In a wireless sensor network (WSN), each sensor monitors environmental parameters, and reports its readings to a base station, possibly through other nodes. A sensor works in cycles, in each of which it stays active for a fixed duration, and then sleeps until the next cycle. The frequency of such cycles determines the portion of time that a sensor is active, and is the dominant factor on its battery...
In this paper, we investigate and present different node ID assignment algorithms for group-theoretic graphs such as Borel Cayley and de Bruijn graphs. These graphs have been shown to be effective logical topologies in wireless sensor networks when all the nodes are within communication range of each other. However, in practice a sensor node's communication range is limited and some nodes can be out...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is widely used in Emergency Management System (EMS) to assure requirement of safety in current society. For centralized management, it is difficult for conventional systems to assure the real-time transmission of emergency information under rapidly changing situations. Thus, based on the Autonomous Decentralized Community (ADC) concept the main route for emergency information...
How to measure and maintain connectivity is an important issue in ad hoc networks. A special case of such network is Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), which are often deployed in harsh environments and also susceptible to a number of problems that may negatively affect the connectivity among the nodes. An additional factor that increases the cost of connectivity maintenance in ad hoc networks is when...
An increasing number of applications based on Wireless Sensor Networks assume mobile environments(Mobile WSNs). Mobile WSNs propose several converging issues with Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) but the peculiarities of their technology and application domain advise a specific theoretical analysis of mobility impact on network connectivity. Network performance depends by several factors; there is...
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