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AVS2 is the new generation of video coding standard developed by the Audio Video Coding Standard Working Group of China. In analogies to HEVC/H.265, a more flexible CU (coding unit), PU (prediction unit) and TU (transform unit) based coding structure is adopted to represent and organize the coding data. For intra coding, AVS2 adopts quad tree based partition coding structure on CU level, and one CU...
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), the latest video standard, provides new algorithmic features that are substantial advances over those in previous standards in order to optimize the coding efficiency. HEVC performs with a high data compression ratio at the same level of video quality when compared to its predecessors, or substantially improved video quality at the same bitrate and it supports...
Traditional intra prediction schemes usually only use the nearest adjacent reference lineto generate the prediction. Although the nearest reference line generally has the strongeststatistical correlation with current block, the farther non-adjacent reference lines can stillprovide potentialb etter prediction in some cases. Thus, in this paper, not only the nearestreference line but also the farther...
The High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard achieves 50% improvement incompression efficiency over the widely used H.264/AVC standard at a cost of much higher complexity. The increase in complexity is due to, among other factors, the time needed to findthe optimal partition structure among the more flexible possibilities for the coding units (CUs) and prediction units (PUs). Many classification...
In October 2015, MPEG and ITU jointly launched the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET) to prepare the next generation of video coding standard beyond HEVC. The tools added over HEVC, grouped into the Joint Exploration Model 3.0 (JEM-3.0), achieve over 25% of coding gains compared to HEVC for the Random-Access mode. In inter-coding mode, the transform stage consists in the Adaptive Multiple Transforms...
In High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), a quad-tree based Coding Unit (CU) partitioning scheme is employed, achieving a substantial improvement in coding efficiency compared with previous standards. The superior coding efficiency of HEVC is achieved at the expense of greatly increased complexity. A fast intra coding scheme consisting of fast CU depth decision and fast prediction mode decision is proposed...
Tracking long-term progress in engineering and applied science allows us to take stock of things we have achieved, appreciate the factors that led to them, and set realistic goals for where we want to go. We formulate seven hypotheses associated with the long term evolution of C programming in the Unix operating system, and examine them by extracting, aggregating, and synthesising metrics from 66...
In the tornado code, cascading with traditional erasure codes (mostly Reed-Solomon codes) is always used to protect the last level, which will enhance the erasure correcting performance. However, this method increases the complexity in the process of encoding and decoding. In this paper, we introduce an improved algorithm to get linear coding complexity and simplify the implementation of decoder in...
Concatenated codes proposed by Forney are used extensively in digital communication. In this paper, concatenated kernel codes, a class of group codes is constructed with inner code and outer code. Binary and non — binary variants of concatenated kernel code is discussed with example. Constructed concatenated kernel code is represented over trellis. Minimal trellis representation is given for the concatenated...
Screen Content Coding (SCC) is the extension of the latest video compression standard High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). SCC is mainly developed for reducing the bit-rate of videos generated from computers. However, under inter configuration, SCC has large complexity which brings heavy burden to encoding. This paper proposes a content classification based reference frame reduction method and a non-square...
With the quad-tree based coding structure and more flexible intramodes, the coding efficiency provided by intra-technique in interframes of HEVC is much higher than the preceding standard H.264/AVC. However, the computing complexity is also significantly increased. Although only a few CUs are encoded as intra-mode in inter-frames finally, almost all CUs need to be checked all the intra-options to...
In this paper, we propose an effective complexity control approach for video conferencing scenarios on HEVC platform. A complexity control formulation is established to determine the number of depth-constrained largest coding units (LCUs) according to the target complexity. By limiting the maximum depths of different LCUs to different levels, the encoding complexity can be controlled with high accuracy...
Recent MPEG video compression standards are still block-based: blocks of pixels are sequentially coded using spatial or temporal prediction schemes. For each block, a vector of coding parameters has to be selected. In order to limit the complexity of this decision, independence between blocks is assumed, and coding parameters are locally optimized to maximize the coding efficiency. Few studies have...
To improve compression efficiency, pixels are traditionally represented using a luma and two chroma values. Such a representation aims at separating light from color information. Two methods are usually considered for computing luma values: Non-Constant Luminance (NCL) and Constant Luminance (CL). CL equations have been derived from the luminous efficacy of the used gamut color primaries in the light...
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is one of the latest released video standards and offers up to 40% bitrate savings when compared to the widespread H.264/AVC standard, at the cost of a substantial complexity growth. Constraining the complexity of HEVC encoding is a challenging task for embedded applications based on a software encoder. In the last few years, the Internet of Thingss (IoTs) has become...
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is one of the latest released video standards and offers up to 40% bitrate savings when compared to the widespread H.264/AVC standard, at the cost of a substantial complexity growth. Constraining the complexity of HEVC encoding is a challenging task for embedded applications based on a software encoder. The most frequent approach to solve this problem is to optimise...
Encoders play an important role in many areas such as memory addressing, data demultiplexing, or for interconnect solutions. However, design solutions for the automatic synthesis of corresponding circuits suffer from various drawbacks, e.g. they are often not scalable, do not exploit the full degree of freedom, or are applicable to realize certain codes only. All these problems are caused by the fact...
Spinal codes are a recently proposed capacity-achieving rateless code. While hardware encoding of spinal codes is straightforward, the design of an efficient, high-speed hardware decoder poses significant challenges. We present the first such decoder. By relaxing data dependencies inherent in the classic M-algorithm decoder, we obtain area and throughput competitive with 3GPP turbo codes as well as...
Consider a multi-source multicast network coding problem with correlated sources. While the fundamental limits are known, achieving them, in general, involves a computational burden due to the complex decoding process. Efficient solutions, on the other hand, are by large based on source and network coding separation, thus imposing strict topological constraints on the networks which can be solved...
This paper presents an energy evaluation of the HEVC decoding process considering different encoding configurations in order to provide support for efficient encoding-for-decoding solutions. The analysis evaluates the energy impact of changing the configuration of four encoding tools in the HEVC decoding process. A set of six different configurations are used to encode/decode video sequences in order...
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