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The terahertz (THz) and FIR band is a frequency regime to be fully explored in astronomy. Dome A in Antarctic offers the best possible access for ground-based astronomical observations in this unique frequency regime. In this paper Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) measurement of THz atmospheric transmission from Dome A is introduced and superconducting mixers and detectors developed for a THz...
The smart fire management requires significant surveillance systems to detect and control the fire and fire causing agents automatically. This requirement has been accomplished in this proposed system by employing fire detection system and fire controlling system using Raspberry pi. The fire detection system entails flame detectors along with temperature sensors which reduces the false fire detection...
Silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs) are currently progressively replacing photo-multipliers tubes (PMTs) in most applications due to their technical advantages, specially in high energy physics experiments. This work describes a system to test photo-detectors in order to calibrate and characterize the parameters generally defined by scientific projects requirements. The system controls and monitors...
Genetically engineered, re-programmable bacterial cells are fast emerging as a platform for small molecule detection in challenging environments [1]. A key barrier to widespread deployment of autonomous bacterial sensors is the detection of low-level bioluminescence, which is typically quantified with power-hungry (watt-level) detection hardware such as Photo Multiplier Tubes (PMT). Prior work has...
Planar nano-diodes fabricated on an AlGaN/GaN heterolayer have been measured, showing capability to detect microwave signals up to 43.5 GHz at room temperature. A single nano-diode with length L=1000 nm and width W=74 nm provides a response of approximately 55 mV DC output for a 0 dBm nominal input power at 1 GHz, with a very small fraction of the RF power reaching effectively the device due to a...
This insulation maintenance guide is applicable to rotating electric machines rated from 35 kVA and higher. The procedures detailed herein may also be useful for insulation maintenance of other types of machines.
Thermoelectric generator (TEG) converts heat energy into electrical energy when there is a temperature gradient between top and bottom surface of the device. Generally, large electronic system or electronic display generates heat which dissipate via the surface of the device which may affect the functionality and lifetime of the systems or devices. Therefore, TEG can be used to utilize the heat and...
This paper presents a Single Event Upset (SEU) robust low phase-noise PLL for clock generation in harsh environments like nuclear and space applications. The PLL has been implemented in a 65 nm CMOS technology. A low noise LC-tank oscillator is included with a tuning range from 2.2 GHz to 3.2 GHz. The PLL includes a new phase detector and divider with Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) to suppress Single...
A programmable voltage detector (PVD) for the battery management is developed for the first time. In battery management applications, PVD's with fine voltage resolution (<±1% of battery voltage) are required to precisely control the charging and discharging of the battery and to provide a universal voltage detector. The proposed fine voltage-step subtraction (FVS) method in PVD enables the wide...
Reliable operation of the switchgear is essential for delivery of electric power to the end users. Poor connections and insulation degradation are the two major causes of arc-flash in the switchgear. This paper evaluates the non-intrusive measurement and performance of thermal ionization detector (TID) in the low voltage (LV) air insulated switchgear. The sensitivity analysis of the sensor is done...
This paper presents a differential phase detector circuit, whose phase-to-voltage characteristic has an extremum when its two input signals are exactly in phase. In this condition all its digital signals are of 50% duty cycle so that the circuit characteristic does not have a dead zone. This feature allows a precise indication of the zero-phase condition, which is independent of the detector power...
This work describes the development of a modular, compact and cost effective snapshot multi-spectral imaging camera in the short and mid-wavelength infrared (S/MWIR) range. The solution combines an array of six uncooled PbSe focal plane arrays (FPAs) with a multi-aperture optical arrangement, and it is endowed with embedded processing capabilities to perform computational imaging. The spectral imager...
Silicon Photomultipliers as photosensors for liquid xenon detectors are an attractive alternative to photomultiplier tubes: liquid xenon detectors employed in low background experiments or compact Compton cameras can take advantage of the small sensor mass and dimensions, the larger light collection coming from a more packed tiling of the readout plane, and possibly a smaller cost per area. We investigate...
Large plastic scintillators (5000 to >35000 cc) deployed as portal monitors and subjected to environmental extremes have been shown to suffer performance degradation due to water vapor penetration of the base material. Low temperatures can cause the absorbed vapor to condense and manifest itself as a fog within the scintillator that can dissipate as the material warms. Repeated cold cycles may...
The ATLAS Insertable B-Layer (IBL) detector was installed into the ATLAS experiment in 2014 and has been in operation since 2015. During the first year of IBL data taking an increase of the low voltage currents of the FE-I4 front-end chip was measured and was traced back to the radiation damage in the chip. The dependence of the current on the total ionising dose and temperature has been tested with...
The ATLAS experiment is planning a major upgrade of its tracking detectors during the Phase-II LHC shutdown, to better take advantage of the increased luminosity of the HL-LHC. The layout of the Pixel Tracker is undergoing an optimisation and will be finalised in 2017. The various layouts are presented. A description of the supporting structures, along with results from testing of prototypes are also...
Recent improvements in the production of artificial single crystal diamonds have made it possible to produce commercial radiation detectors. However, the availability of diamond detectors for high temperature and high shock environments is limited. For this reason, a compact solid state diamond detector was developed for applications which require compact size, stable performance and extreme ruggedness...
The ATLAS experiment will undergo a major upgrade of the tracker system in view of the high luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC) to start operation in 2026. The most severe challenges are to be faced by the innermost layers of the pixel detector which will have to withstand a radiation fluence of up to 1.4×1016 neq/cm2. Thin planar pixel modules are promising candidates to instrument these layers,...
In time-of-flight (TOF) positron emission tomography (PET), the coincidence resolving time (CRT) has a strong influence on the overall performance. Multichannel digital silicon photomultipliers (MD-SiPMs) are able to obtain several timestamps for gamma photon timemark estimation. Using this feature, the CRT is improved and the system robustness is significantly increased by utilizing multiple photoelectron...
Diamond is studied since many years as potential radiation detector material. In the last years, there has been an increasing interest about the capability of diamond to withstand harsh working conditions including high temperature. The latter capability depending upon the large band gap and the excellent thermal properties of diamond. At ENEA C.R. Frascati, diamond detectors operating at high temperature...
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