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Complex safety-critical devices require dependable communication. Dependability includes confidentiality and integrity as much as safety. Encrypting gateways with demilitarized zones, Multiple Independent Levels of Security architectures and the infamous Air Gap are diverse integration patterns for safety-critical infrastructure. Though resource restricted embedded safety devices still lack simple,...
Assisted driving has already arrived. However, widespread adaption of fully autonomous driving is still facing challenges. Will it arrive sooner, later, or ever? Is adoption still limited by technology, or are we simply waiting for the public or the infrastructure to be ready? This panel will discuss the introduction of autonomous driving from various angles. The goal of the discussion will be to...
Embedded software, such as railway, aviation, and medical devices, must provide users with safety and reliability software called safety-critical software. It is required to thoroughly analysis requirements, and to provide users with software with high quality attributes of reliability and safety as a result of clear requirement analysis. To analysis the requirements, we mainly use the white box view...
Processes constrain developer freedom and impact software development cost. They can increase costs from only a few cents to almost 1000 USD per line of code. But they can also benefit the maintainability, dependability and safety of critical software. If failure risk costs are high, then the application of more expensive processes can actually reduce costs. Therefore it is important to understand...
The development of safety-critical Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) is expanding due to the Internet of Things' promise to make high-integrity applications and services part of everyday life. This expansion is seen in the dependencies some connected vehicles have on cloud services that provide guidance and accident avoidance / detection features. Such systems are safety-critical since failure could result...
A modern automotive design contains over a hundred microprocessors, several cyber-physical modules, connectivity to a variety of networks, and several hundred megabytes of software. The future is anticipated to see an even sharper rise in complexity of this electronics, with the imminence of driverless vehicles, the potential of connected automobiles within a few years, and work towards seamless integration...
Current automotive E/E architectures are comprised of hardware and software and are mostly designed in a monolithic approach, static over the lifetime of the vehicle. Design, implementation and updates are mostly performed on a per-component-basis, exchanging complete Electronic Control Units (ECUs) or their software image as a whole. With an increasing amount of functionality being realized in software,...
Modern automotive systems consist of hundreds of functionalities implemented in software. Moreover, these functionalities are constantly evolving with increasing demand for automation, industry competition and changing sensor and actuator capabilities. Correspondingly, it is important to adapt the engineering and software development processes for such systems to consider fast management of this evolution...
Byte-addressable non-volatile memory technology is emerging as an alternative for DRAM for main memory. This new Non-Volatile Main Memory (NVMM) allows programmers to store important data in data structures in memory instead of serializing it to the file system, thereby providing a substantial performance boost. However, modern systems reorder memory operations and utilize volatile caches for better...
Maintenance is a very important part of an organization management. It significantly helps to reduce the costs and fault times of the equipment. We developed an app for mobile devices on Android platform, which efficiently enables to apply a methodology of maintenance management classification in industrial practice (maintenance performance audit). Its aim is to assist with the maintenance management...
In the railway domain, an interlocking is the system ensuring safe train traffic inside a station by controlling its active elements such as the signals or points. Modern interlockings are configured using particular data, called application data, reflecting the track layout and defining the actions that the interlocking can take. The safety of the train traffic relies thereby on application data...
This paper demonstrates attack induced common-mode failures on an industrial-grade (Tricon) Triple-Modular-Redundant PLC (programmable logic controller) and its impact in a Nuclear Power Plant settings. The attack exploits the fact that during the configuration phase the same control logic is downloaded to all three redundant modules. We describe how an attacker can exploit this vulnerability to embed...
This paper aims to bring out the interrupt driven approach, taken for the design of checkout software in a completely automated environment. The Checkout Software is used for the complete automation of spacecraft checkout operations during Integrated Spacecraft Testing (IST). The checkout operations carried out for spacecraft testing include acquisition of multiple chains of telemetry in real time,...
Cyber-physical systems are slowly emerging to dominate our world. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are systems that tightly integrates users, devices and software. Whereas many of these systems are obviously safety-critical systems, some of them become so under special circumstances. This is the case with our focus CPS, i.e. building management systems (BMS), which are not always safety critical per se,...
This article introduces AgileSafe, a new method of incorporating agile practices into critical software development while still maintaining compliance with the software assurance requirements imposed by the application domain. We present the description of the method covering the process of its application and the input and output artefacts.
Property directed reachability (PDR) has been introduced as a very efficient verification method for synchronous hardware circuits that is based on induction rather than fixpoint iteration. However, hardware circuits are usually synthesized from more abstract high-level languages like synchronous languages (or synchronous subsets of hardware description languages). In this paper, we show that it is...
Autonomous guided agricultural self-propelled machines are becoming more common in modern agriculture as well as the increased use of electronic solutions. In order to guarantee the effectiveness of Functional Safety functions software validation is also becoming more complex and critical during the product development. Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) systems not only improve software validation coverage,...
The train control center is an indispensable component for the safe operation of high speed railways. This paper analyzes the software function and performance for the train control center subsystem in Chinese Train Control System level 3. It focuses on the editing of active balise telegram, based on the theory of timed automata and hierarchical modeling. First, we analysis the process and form a...
Safety is becoming more and more important with the ever increasing level of safety related E/E Systems built into the cars. Increasing functionality of vehicle systems through electrification of power train and autonomous driving leads to complexity in designing system, software and safety architecture. ISO 26262 aims to reduce the complexity and to approve the traceability of the different safety...
In our age, integrated technical systems as road vehicle brake systems and their reliabilities have become important in engineering. The paper presents an application of LFTSM proposed by Pokoradi to sensitivity of risk estimation of embedded software of a new generation automotive brake system.
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