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SEE test results are presented for proton, neutron, and heavy ion testing of the Qualcomm Snapdragon 820 and its support DDR4 device (in this case the SK Hynix 24 Gb LP DDR4 device H9HKNNNDGUMUBR-NMH). Processor crashes and DDR4 stuck bits are the primary SEE types for protons and neutrons. Test preparation difficulties and software limitations caused test efforts to be limited to processor crashes,...
With recent trends in manufacturing automation, such as Industry 4.0, control software in automated production systems becomes more and more complex and volatile, complicating and increasing importance of quality assurance. Test tables are a widely used and generally accepted means to intuitively specify test cases for automation software. However, each table only specifies a single software trace,...
Earlier P2020 SEE data are compared and expanded to a recent die revision, significantly increasing samples tested by protons by five devices, and by heavy ions by five devices. Earlier tested SEE types are found to be fairly similar in register, L1 cache, L2 cache, and CPU crashes. New test methods give SEE performance for the flash memory controller, watchdog circuit, and a built-in Ethernet port...
Cyber physical Systems (CPS) are a key technology to enable the development of highly automated and autonomous maritime systems. The development of new complex and distributed safety-critical systems increases the challenges of testing due to a variety of Verification and Validation (V+V) methods, strictly required confidence to functional correctness of heterogenous cooperating systems and management...
In-field test of electronic devices is becoming increasingly important due to the wide adoption of electronic systems in safety-critical applications. Hence, it is crucial to devise and deploy effective solutions supporting the test during the operational phase of all the components of an electronic system, including the memory modules embedded in a SoC. Some key aspects include the possible reuse...
State diagrams are widely used to model software artifacts, making state-based testing an interesting research topic. When conducting research on state-based testing for evaluating different testing criteria, often there is a need to devise numerous test suites in a systematic way according to selection criteria such as all-edges, all-transition-pairs, or the transition tree (W-method). Moreover,...
An important step toward adoption of formal methods in software development is support for mainstream programming languages. Unfortunately, these languages are often rather complex and come with substantial standard libraries. However, by choosing a suitable intermediate language, most of the complexity can be delegated to existing execution-oriented (as opposed to verification-oriented) compiler...
Spreadsheets often contain faults that are difficult to localize. Spectrum-based Fault Localization (SFL) assists users in the fault localization process by ranking cells by their suspiciousness to contain a fault. Since the ranking of the basic SFL approach is often imprecise, we propose three techniques to improve it, i.e., dynamic cones, grouping, and tie-breaking. We evaluate these techniques...
Life cycle management is an effective way to maintain software quality in safety-critical systems; however, it faces difficulties when applied on software of Programmable Logic Device (PLD). This is because: (1) traditional models on software development do not fit with design workflow of PLD; (2) adaptive models for PLD focus mainly on specific features during software implementation, ignoring high-level...
Signal software for high-speed railways is safetycritical, controlling communications between trains, tracks, stations, and signals. It is necessary to test railway signal software rigorously. However, ad-hoc approaches still dominate in practice. We proposed a hybrid approach that uses combinatorial testing (CT) and model-based testing (MBT). We applied this systematic approach to testing track circuit...
fault injection is an effective technique in software testing. By introducing faults to software under test, fault injection can improve the coverage of a test, as the same time, the fault injected in software contributes significantly to find true fault related to fault injected. In this paper we propose a software testing method based on fault injection. In this method, we first use neural network...
A large amount of risk evaluation formulas have been proposed for spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL) in prior studies. A recent study by Xie et al. developed an innovative framework to theoretically analyze the effectiveness of those risk evaluation formulas in SBFL. Xie et al.'s study was based on the assumption that program has only one fault. In other words, they investigated SBFL in the...
Testing is an important activity in engineering of industrial software. For such software, testing is usually performed manually by handcrafting test suites based on specific design techniques and domain-specific experience. To support developers in testing, different approaches for producing good test suites have been proposed. In the last couple of years combinatorial testing has been explored with...
Testing software-intensive systems, for us, has traditionally focused on verifying and validating compliance and conformance to specification, as well as some general non-functional requirements such as performance of different components. In recent years, we have seen a strong move towards more data intensive systems. We have found that these types of systems require a different approach for testing...
This research has been carried out to find an intelligent system to generate chords for melodies which has been composed without considering chords initially. In western music, melodies are composed alongside with chords which specifies the rules for composing. Even though, the concept of chord is not practised in Hindustan music, modern musicians are now adapting the chords and use western instruments...
In this paper, the authors propose a new data flow based unit testing method. The authors involved the coverage selection approach with a decision inheritance tree, which can achieve high structural coverage to design test cases. The authors evaluate the effectiveness of the methods and conducted two sets of tests by using a series of mutation operators. The evaluation results show that the new method...
Big Data programs are those that process large data exceeding the capabilities of traditional technologies. Among newly proposed processing models, MapReduce stands out as it allows the analysis of schema-less data in large distributed environments with frequent infrastructure failures. Functional faults in MapReduce are hard to detect in a testing/preproduction environment due to its distributed...
The ability to navigate in diverse and previously unknown environments is a critical service of autonomous robots. The validation of the navigation software typically involves test campaigns in the field, which are costly and potentially risky for the robot itself or its environment. An alternative approach is to perform simulation-based testing, by immersing the software in virtual worlds. A question...
Control methods based on sEMG obtained promising results for hand prosthetics. Control system robustness is still often inadequate and does not allow the amputees to perform a large number of movements useful for everyday life. Only few studies analyzed the repeatability of sEMG classification of hand grasps. The main goals of this paper are to explore repeatability in sEMG data and to release a repeatability...
Developing a virtualized network service does not only involve the implementation and configuration of the network functions it is composed of but also its integration and test with management solutions that will control the service in its production environment. These integration tasks require testbeds that offer the needed network function virtualization infrastructure (NFVI), like OpenStack, introducing...
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