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This paper reviews the various existing direct optical network unit (ONU) interconnection schemes which provide direct communication among peers resided locally. Direct inter-ONU communication provides the opportunity to reduce substantial latency among two communicating ONUs. In reviewed schemes, ONU data is transmitted directly to the destined ONUs by avoiding transmission to the OLT, thus OLT complex...
The main aim of this paper is to reduce the computational time, to increase the complexity ratio and to improve the image quality by applying dither Dither Block Truncation coding algorithm with different similarity comparison algorithm, as different approaches are followed to improve the quality of an image, ODBTC is one of the approach, but to improve the quality we will also include some of the...
Installation of photovoltaic cell has been increasing day by day in industries and houses due to the increase in cost of power. But the major concern for the increase in future usage of the photovoltaic cell depends on the improvement in efficiency. Accumulation of soil and debris in the photo voltaic cell from the environment reduces the efficiency at the considerable level. In this paper, increase...
Attribute-Based Encryption(ABE) came up as an significant cryptographic tool to envision secure fine-grained data sharing and access control. In this paper, we elaborate ABE to more expressive Ciphertext-policy Attribute-Based Encryption(CP-ABE) in consideration with Revocation which is a major issue to achieve in ABE. Specifically, we use direct revocation ABE which permits the trusted authority...
In this paper, a two-dimensional photonic crystal based tunable optical filter having Si rods with different shape cavities, as H-shape, square and circular is designed and investigated. The shape of Si rods is also changed from circular to square and the shift in resonating frequency of filter is achieved. The area of each cavity has been kept constant for achieving the result. The filter is designed...
This work principally focuses on the implementation of electronic commutation of brushless DC motor (BLDC) victimisation SoC technique. In recent trends, there's an enormous demand for SoC applications since a lot of parts and sophisticated things can be integrated on one chip. The economical style of commutation has achieved with the assistance of VIRTEX II professional FPGA and configuration putting...
Design of unit cell of Microstrip Reflectarray Antenna (MRA) is one of important parameter. Using infinite array approach method, resonant element of MRA is observed in unit cell environment. The reflection phase curve helps to compare the different commercially available dielectric materials.
The grating slot waveguide is designed and numerically simulated to obtain a narrow resonant band at a stop-band of the transmission spectra for a realization of a refractive index sensor. The sensing principle has depended on a detection of the shift in the resonant band for a change in the refractive index of a biomaterial. The Q factor of the resonant peak is found out to be 21637. The theoretical...
In this paper, interval type-2 fuzzy logic control technique is employed to design a stable controller for thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) so as to improve the small signal stability of power system. For a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) power system, TCSC and Power System Stabilizer (PSS) together assures the small signal stability by using simulated annealing algorithm. Lyapunov...
The increased number of cyber attacks makes the availability of services a major security concern. One common type of cyber threat is distributed denial of service (DDoS). A DDoS attack is aimed at disrupting the legitimate users from accessing the services. It is easier for an insider having legitimate access to the system to deceive any security controls resulting in insider attack. This paper proposes...
Nowadays content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is the most powerful and popular method for retrieving color, shape, and texture. In this paper, we proposed content based image retrieval using enhanced Gabor wavelet transform for increasing the retrieval efficiency. Gabor wavelet transform (GWT) is widely concentrated on the combination of features of plane wave and Gabor function to form non-orthogonal...
This paper presents an improved solution to optimal unit commitment (UC) by seeding best initial high fitness population (HFP) near or equal to global optimum solution to Genetic algorithm (GA). To direct the limited minimization option left in HFP in better way, easy GA mutation scheme is proposed that produces constrained satisfied populations, handle typical spinning reserve/time constraints and...
High speed and tap proof communication systems is the growing need for FSO (Free Space Optical) systems. FSO is a communication process that uses light carrying information to travel in free space to exchange data between two or more points. High security, quicker establishment, permit free ranges are its principle favorable circumstances. FSO technology is useful in cases where fiber optic cables...
Spectrum sensing is the important aspect of cognitive radio (CR). In order to use the vacant spectrum, cognitive radio user must be able to identify the presence of empty spectrum efficiently. A non-cooperative spectrum sensing faces the problem of shadowing and hidden terminal due to which the CR user fails to monitor the vacant spectrum. To solve the problem of hidden terminal and shadowing in non-cooperative...
In this paper various design of channel ADD Drop filter using photonic crystal ring resonator is investigated. In design I, ADF based on quasi-square PCRR with circular scatters is proposed and analysed for optimized performance. This device consists of rectangular waveguides and a quasi-square PCRR. A good wavelength selective filter with bandwidth about 10.20nm and centre wavelength of pass band...
The paper presents an exhaustive visualization of different problems encountered in efficient utilization of spectrum for advanced wireless communication. It is a well known fact that there is a crisis for available radio spectrum due to incredible expansion and advancement of the communication systems and technologies. But in reality, there is no shortage of available spectrum but only lack of advance...
Optical transition strength are observed to be affected in Al0.8Ga0.2As/GaAs0.8P0.2 type-I QW-heterostructure under external electric field. This paper reports optical gain realized in Al0.8Ga0.2As/GaAs0.8P0.2 type-I QW-heterostructure (varying well width 6nm–22nm). Band alignment, wavefunctions and optical gain of the nano-scale heterostructure under electromagnetic field perturbation is reported...
In this paper, a dual segment rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (RDRA) designed on an MgO-B2O3-SiO2-TiO2 (MBST) glass-ceramic LTCC substrate is described. The simulation results for the RDRA on MBST substrate is compared with those for RDRA on FR4 substrate. Another section of the simulation study includes the effect of composite substrates i.e. FR4-air (FR4C) and MBST-air (MBSTC) substrates...
The conventional method of testing water quality is to gather samples of water manually and send to the lab to test and analyze. This method is time consuming, wastage of man power, and not economical. The water quality measuring system that we have implemented checks the quality of water in real time through various sensors (one for each parameter: pH, conductivity, temperature) to measure the quality...
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