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The increasing integration of Electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable generators (RGs) is an inevitable trend in power system development to control the release of greenhouse gases and pollution and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. This will challenge distribution networks, which have constrained capacities, due to the intrinsic intermittence of renewable power and additional charging load demand...
The usage of battery electric vehicles in the commercial sector provides a lot of advantages. However many commercial company owners are reluctant to switch to battery electric vehicles. Important reasons for this are the insufficient range of battery electric vehicles and the lack of charging infrastructure. This paper presents an analysis of the charging infrastructure for battery electric vehicles...
This paper develops a control framework for a network of energy harvesting nodes connected to a Base Station (BS) over a multiple access channel. Due to fluctuations in energy availability and, possibly, energy outages, the number of nodes attempting channel access is random and varies over time. Thus, each node must carefully adapt its access probability to the network state to optimize network performance...
This work presents a layout design method for a grid-connected PV-Battery-Diesel microgrid considering the effect of the applied power management strategy among the system's components. The proposed microgrid is dedicated to those areas in the world which suffer from prolonged grid outages and depend mainly on diesel generators to cover the periods of power deficit. Conventionally, such hybrid microgrids...
This paper proposes a sufficient method for the optimal operation and management of DC microgrids (MGs) in the presence of renewable energy sources (RESs), storage devices, and DC loads. The DC MG concept can not only exploit the distinguished features of DC distribution systems for feeding DC loads without the presence of AC-DC converters but also provide convenient connections for DC distributed...
In this paper we present methods to reach 10-years of battery life for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) wireless sensor network (WSN) using a platform called the I3Mote. I3Mote provides connected sensor nodes for tough industrial environment and a number of I3Motes can form a large-scale coverage of data collectors or actuators. The goal is to achieve 10-years network life time for all the connected...
The role of EVs can range from that of passive loads with no difference compared to the traditional ones to active components highly beneficial to the modern power system. An essential part in changing EV storages from passive to active components is the contractual framework. Therefore, we present several different agreements that can be formed between a power supplier and an EV owner. These agreements...
The increased integration of distributed energy resources (DER), based mainly on renewable sources, imposes new challenges on the distribution system operation and planning. The recent developments in energy storage technologies provide opportunities to use them as distributed storage systems. This paper presents a framework to assess the investments in battery energy storage systems (BESS) for distribution...
A comparison of two energy management systems for an isolated microgrid based on photovoltaic generation is presented in this paper. One energy management system is presented as an optimization problem solved by means of a mixed integer linear programming which aims to minimize the operating cost of the microgrid. The algorithm determines the optimal power dispatch of all distributed generation units...
In this paper, we study spectrum overlay access to share spectrum between primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs). Our goal is to maximize the average throughput by optimal power allocation within finite time duration. To do this, we formulate this optimization problem as a Markov Decision Process with continuous state. An approximate value method with pre-allocation mechanism is proposed, which...
Undamped power and voltage swings of synchronous generators due to severe disturbances may make power systems unstable. To tackle this problem, this paper proposes a control scheme of active and reactive power outputs of a photovoltaic (PV) generator equipped with power oscillation dampers (PODs). The PODs with second-order lead/lag structure are installed in the active and reactive power control...
The increased integration of PV systems in the low voltage network causes many problems in network operations. The EU project STORY is tackling these problems with adding energy storage to the grid. In this paper we present new control concept with peak demand control algorithm which is used on storage unit in LV distribution network. The algorithm development is based on real measurements from transformer...
In this paper an innovative, hierarchical, four-level optimization framework is proposed to model the optimal participation of Electric Vehicle Aggregators (EVAs) in day-ahead and real-time energy and regulation markets in conjunction with the optimal real-time charging management of the EV fleet. The scope of the framework is to incorporate in an integrated approach all the conjugated optimization...
The interconnection between DC microgrids has been studied through the modeling and simulation of two DC microgrids and utility network with independent connection to each microgrid. Each microgrid has generation sources, storage source, electrical charges, two points of common coupling (one with the utility network and other with the neighboring microgrid) and a central controller. By performing...
A flexible power flow control system for distributed electricity generation, storage and consumption for small industrial buildings has been subject of a public funded research project, which has been conducted by two industrial and two research partners.
Flexibility on the demand side helps to integrate renewable generation systems into the energy system. Flexibility can be provided by storage systems as well as by controllable loads and generation units. Battery systems with a first life in electric vehicles can be used as second life batteries in stationary storage systems to increase the profitability of the system. This paper introduces a district...
This paper aims to detail and illustrate the operation of the LEMS during the grid-connected and grid-disconnected mode of the Smart Rural Grid (SRG) project. The SRG project is focused on DSO's capabilities to increase the interoperability, resilience, efficiency and robustness of the existing rural distribution network by the utilization of new Smart Grid technologies. This project is founded by...
An algorithm is developed for optimization of photovoltaic and energy storage capacity of small community microgrids for rural electrification without diesel or other thermal backup. The developed algorithm is applied to a case study of the Madan Community in Jiwaka Province, Papua New Guinea. A series of community microgrids are being installed to provide electricity, high speed intranet, and digital...
In this paper, a decentralized control algorithm is presented for coordinated energy sharing among smart homes in neighborhood areas using a game-theoretic approach and a multi-agent system (MAS). The aim of the study is to reduce the electricity bill of end-users with dynamic pricing where price is associated to aggregated consumption. To reduce the cost of consumption, a control algorithm performs...
This paper presents a mixed integer linear program based model to optimize smart community energy systems, based upon physical models of buildings, energy storage, and energy conversion devices. Using a level-of-aggregation approach, the model can accommodate different price components at the relevant aggregation level. Community energy systems with various characteristics have been assessed considering...
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