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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is attacked by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato causing heavy damage to the crops. The present study focused on the application of aqueous fruit extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica L.) on a single node of aseptically raised tomato plants. Observations were done, and the changes in the activity and isoenzyme profile of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and lysozyme, both at...
Yield size is the product of the genetic properties of the cultivar, environmental conditions, and the applied agrotechnics, including herbicide application. In agricultural practice, cultivars with high adaptation to changeable environmental conditions and tolerant in relation to many active substances of herbicides are preferred, as this ensures the obtainment of stable yield. The aim of the work...
Rhizomania is one of the most important diseases of sugar beet around the world – including in Iran. The disease causes a severe decrease in sugar yield and is a limiting factor in sugar beet cultivation. Control of the disease is very difficult due to the long-term survival of its fungal vector (Polymyxa betae) in the soil. In this study, we investigated the effects of antagonistic fungal isolates...
The aim of the studies was to evaluate the herbicidal contaminations in soil. Monitoring tests were carried out in two periods: 2002–2008 and 2010–2013, on cereal plantations located in south-western Poland. The samples of soil were collected at harvest time. The determination of 2,4-D, MCPA, diflufenican, dicamba, chlortoluron, fluroxypyr, isoproturon, clopyralid residues were conducted using the...
Plant is one of the major forms of life on earth. It can produce its own food but cannot move about. Plants have well organized structures. They are beautiful and they determine local climates and are used as live fences. They phytoremediate and cool our environment. They provide us with oxygen, medicines, fuel, timber, recreation, industrial products; preservatives, pesticides in addition to all...
The most important losses in agricultural production which involve the greatest costs on the farm economy occur postharvest. It is estimated that worldwide between 10 and 40% losses of agricultural produce occur postharvest. Losses are more severe in developing than developed nations of the world. Several species of fungi and in some cases bacteria participate in postharvest deterioration and rots...
The weather conditions in winter 2011/2012 in Poland caused severe frost killing of winter crops (in most areas up to 90%) requiring spring resowing. This brought about a considerable impact of chemical plant protection. The paper presents results from two farms, belonging to a State Treasury company, with intensive agricultural production, located in the Wielkopolska voivodship. The number of plant...
The paper presents new localities of Coleanthus subtilis identifi ed in spring 2012 on the bottoms of two drained ponds in the Ruda Sułowska Complex “Milicz Ponds” Ornithological Reserve in Wielkopolska region. Both ponds showed very numerous fully developed populations of the discussed species. A potential threat of this species extinction exists and therefore its legal protection is necessary.
Found that an effective and new areas to protect plants from diseases is the induction of protective mechanisms. Study of various substances that are elisytorni properties and determined that the promising applcations of chitin and its derivatives. Affordable source of chitin and glucans can be mushrooms. The technology of obtaining mikobiopreparatu from fungal glucans and sound biological effectiveness...
The paper presents three new localities of Nasturtium microphyllum reported on the Ilanka River near Rzepin. In one of the localities onerow yellowcress specimens were in the flowering and fruiting stages, while in the two other localities plants were flowering, but they were not bearing fruits. Fruiting specimens were identifi ed on the basis of seed sculpture traits, while flowering plants – by...
Background. Poland is a leading grower/producer of berries in Europe that are either eaten raw or processed. As well as berries this includes fruit such as grapes, strawberries and other small fruits. Testing for the presence of active substances in Plant Protection Products, (PPP), in such fruit is however important, as part of measures taken to minimise human intake. Objective. To determine the...
In the article, the results of long-term research (2006–2010) on biological substantiation and the improved potato protection system against Colorado beetle in Belarus are presented. The system is based on age and the phenotypic structure of the phytophage population definition, and their resistance monitoring to pyrethroids by frequency of phenomorph №3 occurrence. The system includes a pre-planting...
Studies on the economic efficiency of pesticides used on spring triticale were conducted in 2008-2010 in Boguchwała (south-eastern Poland). On average from 52.0 to 86.2% of leaves were infested by triticale diseases. The efficiency of applied fungicides ranged from 44.2 to 87.7%. Yield increase was from 160 to 565 PLN from 1 ha. The cost coverage ratio was from 1.0 to 3.1, and the profitability ratio...
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