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The aim of this paper was to elaborate novel two-dimensional behavioral temperature models for thin-film resistors fabricated onto FR-4 laminate. Investigated resistors were made of Ni-P alloy with two different thicknesses (0.1 μm or 0.05 μm) and the same different sheet resistances (100 ohm/sq or 250 ohm/sq). A large number of R(l, w, T) characteristics was measured automatically in cryostat system...
This study was aimed at quantifying critically relevant topics about the influence of intermetallic compounds (IMC) within power electronics reliability such as the influence of soldering profile on the growth rate of IMC in large area solder joints, estimation of IMC thickness during non-isothermal ageing and the impact of IMC thickness on reliability. To this end, test samples were soldered using...
Interior permanent magnet synchronous machine drives have widespread applications in electric traction systems and various industrial processes. However, prolonged exposure to high temperatures while operating can demagnetize the permanent magnets to the point of irreversible demagnetization. In addition, direct measurements with infrared sensors or contact-type sensors with wireless communication...
The accurate measurement of wet steam has great significance for energy conservation and sufficient utilization. However, subject to the complex flow characteristics of vapor steam and discrete droplets, there are many problems in wet steam metrology. A dual-parameter model combining V-cone and vortex flowmeters was proposed to calculate mass flowrate of wet steam. The vapor mass flowrate is obtained...
Quantitative analysis of gas mixtures for detecting low concentrations of gases like acetone or ethanol in exhaled breath is of high interest in medical diagnostics and patient monitoring. In this purpose, we intend to use source separation methods for separating the gas sources measured with MOX sensors. These unsupervised methods require a relevant mathematical model of responses of MOX sensors...
At present, the research of temperature control algorithm is based on the traditional PID and the improved PID algorithm based on the traditional PID. But in the industry, there are some deficiencies. In order to solve the problem of high overshoot and slow calculation speed in the design of temperature control system. This paper presents a design of temperature control system of adaptive control...
This paper presents a novel photo-electro-thermal (PET) model that completely describes the interactions of photon-electricity, photon-heat, and heat-electricity for commercial PV modules. Based on the PV thermal and electrical characteristics available from the manufacturer datasheet, the proposed PET model is implemented on the Simulink environment and verified under the standard test condition...
Statistical modeling methods have been used for estimating difficult-to-measure quality variables by using easy-to-measure process variables. The estimation performance of a statistical model depends on the quality and quantity of data. To build a better model when the amount of the data is limited, joint-Y partial least squares (JY-PLS) was proposed. JY-PLS can concurrently use the data from the...
The measurement of ratio of product recovery in industrial methanol distillation is of high economic importance and represent a key performance index (KPI) of the distillation unit. In current operations, the product recovery of many industrial distillation units are not actively monitored, instead back calculated from daily production reports. The active monitoring of product recovery can be a costly...
The viscoelastic behavior of the molding compound in fine pitch encapsulated electronic packages has a significant impact on component warpage and SMT assembly reliability. This is particularly true for the thin or ultra-thin (such as fan-out) packages used in mobile handsets and tablets, where process-induced warpage behavior is exacerbated by a larger molding volume and higher density of Cu trace...
Artillery units in the NATO armies have to be able to perform firing data calculations using standardized meteorological messages METB3 for manual calculations and METCM for computerized calculations. Artillery of some armies (especially of the former Warsaw pact) cannot process these messages because of some their weapon systems, firing tables and implemented tabular atmosphere model. They are still...
In a freeze-drying process for pharmaceuticals it is necessary to monitor product temperature and to identify the ending point of the ice sublimation stage. Besides, it can be worthwhile estimating the heat and mass transfer coefficients, in such a way that a mathematical model can be used to optimize in-line (or off-line, in a successive run) the process. Both results can be achieved using the temperature...
In this paper, a solution for the mathematical modeling and control of the seamless steel pipes heat-treating process is proposed, considering as case study the annealing procedure. The proposed mathematical modeling procedure is based on analytical identification. In order to implement the proposed temperature control structure, the neural networks are used for learning the behavior of the system...
It is common in engineering to model time-dependent variables as diffusion process represented by stochastic differential equations. This is usually helpful when empirical datasets describing time evolution of variables are available. This helps in accurate estimation of parameters of the stochastic differential equation which describes the dynamic system. Additionally, it helps in characterization...
An issue of the paper is a summary of existing research of material properties changes of a passive Armor, which depends on a temperature. New quantities for an evaluation of thermal effect on a passive armor material are described there; especially a relative volume and a coefficient of thermal change of an imprint's depth. Direction of other research is indicated in a conclusion.
AlGaN/GaN based high electron mobility transistors (AG-HEMTs) are strong candidates for the future high power and high frequency applications. But the formation of hot-spots and high temperature in these localized regions can limit their applications due to performance degradation and break-down. Understanding the underlying thermal transport processes will be an important step towards solving heat...
The mechanical behavior of lead free solders is highly dependent on the testing temperature. Previous investigations on mechanical characterization of conventional and doped lead free SAC solders have mainly emphasized stress-strain and creep testing at temperatures from 25 to 125 °C. However, solders are exposed to very high temperatures from 125–200 °C in several harsh environment applications including...
State of Charge (SoC) is the most important parameter to be estimated on a Battery Management System (BMS). Improper SoC management can cause faster battery degradation, reduce its operational lifetime and, on extreme cases of overcharge, it may lead to an explosion. In addition, batteries are complex electrochemical systems, and both the electrical components and chemical reactions vary significantly...
The paper deals with an aircraft twin-spool single-jet engine equipped with a hydro-mechanical indirect action fuel control unit. From aircraft pilot's point of view, engine's control (or command) means its power lever (throttle) displacement, proportional to the desired thrust level. Considering the engine as controlled object and its thrust the most important operation effect, from the multitude...
Thermal fields in film deposition chambers critically control the final uniformity of the film thickness in semiconductor manufacturing. Constructing simple, efficient and yet accurate enough models of the temperature fields is therefore crucial in effective fault detection and eventually, for film thickness uniformity controls. We explored one decomposition method of the temperature fields using...
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