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The top down approach to derive requirements for future radar sensors for autonomous driving is due to its complexity hardly possible. Thus this paper presents the bottom up approach and shows future trends and directions of automotive radar development. This overview paper focusses on functional and non-functional aspects, whereas technological trends are only treated very shortly.
This paper describes circuits for pulse generation based on an ECL Monostable one-shot. The first one produces pulses between 0.8 and 1.5 ns for the European communications in the band [6 to 8.5] GHz. The second one produces pulses between 0.6 and 1.1ns for Military radar applications in the band [22 to 29] GHz. The measurements comply with ETSI/FCC regulations.
Costas codes are a variant of frequency hopping codes that achieve the «thumbtack» auto-ambiguity function needed in radar applications. However, they may show poor cros-sambiguity properties when selected and assigned randomly which makes them poorly adapted to multiuser radar applications. In this paper, we propose a multiuser adaptation of phase coded Costas signals. In fact, this modified version...
In this paper, we designed and implemented a 24 GHz FMCW radar system based on FPGA and DSP. We also developed a 24 GHz FMCW radar RF module composed of a single transmitter and a single transmitting antenna array of five elements to measure distances at a high degree of accuracy for 24 GHz FMCW radar. To verify the developed radar system, a test bed was fabricated to measure the distance for every...
ATALA objective is to break TRL4/5 Wall to speed up insertion of innovative algorithms in Radar Sensors Products. ATALA is also a derisking tool for Engineering Teams & Customers. We will illustrate validation of ATALA with 2 Use-Cases results: monitoring of commercial aircraft wake-vortex, detection of small/slow synthetic targets on relevant clutter environment. ATALA is based on two main principles:...
In this article, we consider the problem of computing the optimal mismatched filter with respect to the Peak-to-SideLobe Ratio (PSLR). We propose to solve this problem via a convex quadratically constrained quadratic program that permits to obtain an optimal solution of the problem. The solution is obtain numerically by interior point methods. We show that this convex program can be modified to take...
This paper presents an agile radiating matrix antenna which is formed by an association of several and identical special radiating elements called ‘pixels’. Those pixels have special properties concerning its radiating apertures. The matrix antenna working principle is based on the equivalent radiating surface approach and not on the classical array approach. The aim of this paper is to show the matrix...
Due to the noncontact and low-cost features of Doppler radar sensors, it has been adopted to detect physiological motion signals in variety applications. This paper introduces two portable Doppler radar sensor devices named as “iMotion radar” and “iMotion2 radar”. The iMotion radar is a 2.4-GHz AC-coupled direct-conversion continuous-wave Doppler radar. The iMotion2 radar is designed with the same...
This paper presents a use case of the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) technique apply to Civil Engineering to monitor the dikes settlement on the Port of Barcelona. A geostatistical analysis of the two available datasets of PSI data have been made on a Geographic Information System to obtain a continuous deformation surface. This approach allows us to study the different subsidence velocities...
The development of microwave remote sensing models for the monitoring of vegetation has received wide attention in recent years. For vegetation in the tropics, it is necessary to consider a dense medium model for the theoretical modelling of the microwave interaction with the vegetation medium. In this paper, a multilayer model based on the radiative transfer theory for a dense vegetation medium is...
Within the past years radar technology has become more and more important for the civil market. There are many applications where radar is an interesting solution. The main advantage of radar is robustness against weather and light conditions. Distance is measured directly and by adding multi-channel capabilities it is possible to detect the angle of a target. The here presented radar module is a...
U.S. Federal Avionics Administration (FAA) regulations limit the use of unmanned air systems (UAS) in commercial and private industry because of the potential danger that they pose to other aircraft. The development of an onboard Sense and Avoid (SAA) system is necessary for UAS to share the same airspace as other aircraft. This paper presents the design and fabrication of a radar sensor designed...
Classical Time-Modulated Array has been modified to obtain low sidelobes for both the average pattern and the instantaneous patterns. Contrary to TMA, the optimization is done on the array dimension and not on the time dimension. Examples with good rejection over time are shown.
In the paper, an X-band airborne SAR system developed and produced at the Institute of Radio Astronomy is described. The system is designed to be operated from light-weight aircrafts. Implemented hardware and real-time software solutions are discussed. Several original approaches to the post-processing of the recorded data are considered. Experimental results are also presented and discussed.
This paper reviews different wireless local positioning principles and explains the interaction between local positioning and the Internet of Things (IOT). The principle, performance and use of recent local positioning systems in the context of the IOT are shown in detail for typical applications. The first application is the accurate real-time localization of transportation vehicles using local positioning...
In this paper we present a 77-GHz software defined orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) radar. A single channel RF frontend equipped with a 77-GHz SiGe chip which includes an integrated IQ modulator in the transmit path and an IQ receive mixer is used for range and range/Doppler measurements. Digital-to-analog converters (DACs) with a sampling rate of 500MSPS and 14 bit resolution are...
A high-output power and broadband GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) has been developed for X-band applications. The device consists of 2-dice of 14.4-mm gate periphery together with input and output 2-stage impedance transformers. The device exhibited saturated output power of 310 W with power gain of 10.0 dB over the wide frequency range of 8.5–10.0 GHz, operating at 65 V drain voltage...
This work grows our understanding of APCN spectrum spreading, and its effect on radar system performance. Through numerical analysis, we measure range resolution and side lobe levels as a function of different APCN waveforms and side lobe weighting functions. We extend our discussions to consider the phase code rate and how this drives an improvement in the measured range resolution.
Human detection offers many advantages in applications of search and rescue, smart environments, and security. Infrared, acoustic, vibration/seismic and visual sensors have been often used in human detection and recognition systems. Radar offers unique advantages for sensing humans, such as remote operation during virtually all weather conditions, increased range, and better coverage. However, radar...
The classification of different human activities with radar has been a widely researched topic in recent years. Oftentimes, when no experimental data is available, simulated data can be exploited to test classification algorithms. Kinematic models such as the Thalmann Model and motion capture (MOCAP) data are frequently used to simulate radar signatures of human movements. While the Thalmann Model...
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