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In this paper, we will discuss the Quality of Edge Detected at different threshold values. For the purpose we will compare among Bacterial Foraging Algorithm, Canny Edge detector and Sobel Edge Detector. The Algorithm Bacterial Foraging also uses a thickness constraint and follows the Swarm intelligence feature and works like the behavior of bacteria in the search of food, Whereas Canny uses eliminates...
This work addresses the study of active edge n-in-p planar sensors. Active edge planar pixel sensors are promising candidates to instrument the inner layers of the new ATLAS pixel detector for High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), thanks to its radiation tolerant properties and the increased fraction of active area due to a distance as low as 50 μm between the last pixel implants and the...
Next generation of pixel detectors for the first layers of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) are expected to sustain the particle flow rates up to ∼2 GHz/cm2. The very high radiation levels and small available space makes it impossible to envisage optical conversion on chip, which should be done using electrical links, implying that a significant material...
Image processing includes many various procedures and one of the mostly used is edge detection. Sometimes is desirable to improve precision of edge detector to sub-pixel range. In our paper we deal with precise localization of edge which is moving during the exposure time. For such the edges we tested three edge detectors with sub-pixel precision in 1-D images: algorithm that uses function erf to...
An important development in digital X-ray imaging systems is a pulse amplitude measurement in each pixel in real-time. A single readout pixel usually has the dimensions of 100 µm × 100 µm or lower, and as it has to accommodate the analog front-end amplifier and digital back-end readout logic, the area available for an ADC is extremely low. Thus, in the design of the ADC the most emphasis has to be...
In this paper we present an improved version of the readout technique proposed in [7]. It concerns a continuous operating logarithmic image sensor with 120dB of Dynamic Range (DR). The pixel element presents also improved characteristics, compared to the standard logarithmic pixel, especially in terms of Fixed Pattern Noise compensation and extended output voltage swing. The first goal of this readout...
We describe a method of interpolation for a pixellated γ-radiation detector made of cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) with the goal to optimize its intrinsic spatial resolution. A similar method is known from silicon strip sensors where the interpolation improves the intrinsic spatial resolution over the single-strip digital resolution.
A battery-powered, wireless alpha-ray sensor has been designed and realized using a high-resistivity-silicon BJT as radiation detector. Thanks to its excellent signal-to-noise ratio and intrinsic amplification, real-time alpha particle detection is possible using simple readout electronics which records alpha particle arrival time and charge spectrum.
A 16 × 16 staring imaging array was implemented in a 0.15-µm standard CMOS technology for terahertz detection in the range of 0.8 THz to 1.5 THz. Each pixel is composed of an antenna, a FET detector, and its readout electronics (a current integrator) so that the pixel signals of the whole matrix can be acquired simultaneously. The current integrator employs a 129-dB operational amplifier implementing...
A new architecture for Positron Emission Tomography visible-light detectors is presented. The architecture is based on mini-SiPMs (arrays of 32 SPADs), which are locally digitized. With this architecture we expect to achieve a high fill factor while still performing an early enough analog-to-digital conversion so as to avoid interconnect parasitics common of standard SiPMs. The detector is implemented...
This work is concerned with the design of two different analog channels for hybrid and monolithic pixels in view of applications to the vertex detector at the SuperB Factory. The circuits have been designed in a 130 nm CMOS, vertical integration technology, which may provide some advantages in terms of functional density and electrical isolation between the analog and the digital section of the front-end...
Anomaly detection is one of the most important applications for hyperspectral images. In this paper, a new ensemble learning algorithm for anomaly detection in hyperspectral imagery is proposed, which integrates feature grouping and anomalous signal subspace estimation. Main contribution of the proposed algorithm consists in two aspects. First, feature grouping in original hyperspectral images are...
In this paper, we proposed a swift impulse noise suppresser based on adaptive growth algorithm (AGA). It is mainly composed of three parts: signal detector, adaptive growth and indispensable reestablishment and correction. Firstly, we designed a signal detector to detect the real signal pixels and calculated signal density according to the analysis of the characteristic of impulse noise and the distribution...
Motion detection is a vital part of vision systems, either biological or computerized. Conventional motion detection methods in machine vision can differentiate moving objects from background, but cannot directly handle different types of motions. In this paper, we present Genetic Programming (GP) as a method which not only removes relatively stationary background, but also can be selective on what...
Identifying events in sports video offers great potential for advancing visual sports coaching applications. In this paper, we present our results for detecting key events in a tennis match. Our overall goal is to automatically index a complete tennis match into all the main tennis events, so that a match can be recorded using affordable visual sensing equipment and then be automatically indexed into...
Edge detection is an important task in computer vision. This paper describes a global approach to edge detection using genetic programming (GP). Unlike most traditional edge detection methods which use local window filters, this approach directly uses an entire image as input and classifies pixels directly as edges or non-edges without preprocessing or postprocessing. Shifting operations and common...
Edge detection algorithms often produce broken edges, especially in noisy images. We propose an algorithm based on discrete particle swarm optimisation (PSO) to detect continuous edges in noisy images. A constrained PSO-based algorithm with a new objective function is proposed to address noise and reduce broken edges. The localisation accuracy of the new algorithm is compared with that of a modified...
Fluorescence lifetime measurement is used in biological research to enhance the contrast of fluorescence images. The outstanding sensitivity that can be achieved with this method is obtained at the expense of a high data throughput. A substantial data reduction can be achieved using the time-gated technique, which consists in counting the number of photons occurring inside different time windows....
The laser beacon power required by a communication terminal for acquisition and tracking in deep space optical link scenarios can be reduced by a factor of 10 to 100 by replacing an integrating array, such as a CCD, with an array of single photon detectors. An additional benefit of the single photon detector array is that each pixel can have MHz bandwidths, allowing simultaneous recovery of photon...
In this paper an algorithm which is able to count the number of fingers from a hand posture is presented. The method is based on hand contour and skin colour information. The middle axes of the fingers are detected. The method is robust regard the hand edge detection.
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