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article

Withdrawal time of danofloxacin and difloxacin and in vitro binding phenomenon to melanin in black‐boned silky fowl

Zimin Chen, Wanyi Liu, Qiang Wu, Ziliang Li, more

Journal of Food Science > 88 > 11 > 4773 - 4783

Abstract Fluoroquinolones are commonly used in poultry breeding. Few studies have evaluated the causes of serious drug residues in black‐boned silky fowl until enrofloxacin has been banned in black‐boned silky fowl breeding in the Chinese Veterinary Commission of Chinese Veterinary Pharmacopoeia (2020). However, similarly structured fluoroquinolones have not been studied in black‐boned silky fowl...

article

Selective Immunodetection of Difloxacin in Animal Muscles and Sera: Role of Hapten Orientation

Inna A. Galvidis, Maksim A. Burkin

Food Analytical Methods > 2017 > 10 > 6 > 1755-1764

The influence of sarafloxacin (SAR) hapten orientation in immunogen on antibody specificity was examined. The spatial orientation of SAR linked through its carboxyl group to the carrier resulted to SAR-selective response (Anal Methods 2016, 8:5843–5850). To provide opposite orientation of SAR in immunogen, it was linked by its secondary amine to (1) succinic anhydride-modified BSA using carbodiimide-mediated...

article

Structural and functional response of the soil bacterial community to application of manure from difloxacin‐treated pigs

Sven Jechalke, Andreas Focks, Ingrid Rosendahl, Joost Groeneweg, more

FEMS Microbiology Ecology > 87 > 1 > 78 - 88

Difloxacin (DIF) belongs to the class of fluoroquinolone antibiotics that have been intensively used for the treatment of bacterial infections in veterinary and human medicine. The aim of this field study was to compare the effect of manure from DIF‐treated pigs and untreated pigs on the bacterial community structure and resistance gene abundance in bulk soil and rhizosphere of maize. A significant...

article

Comparative activities of selected fluoroquinolones against dynamic populations of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in an in vitro model of time–kill continuous culture experiment

Dereje Damte, Seung-Jin Lee, Sileshi B Yohannes, Md. Akil Hossain, more

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents > 2013 > 42 > 6 > 544-552

The aim of the current study was to demonstrate and compare the impact of different pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin, enrofloxacin and difloxacin on their antimicrobial effects, their killing and re-growth kinetics, and the population dynamics of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae clinical isolates in an in vitro dynamic model. Selected clinical isolates of A. pleuropneumoniae and three fluoroquinolones...

article

Separation and characterization of ciprofloxacin, difloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin oxidation products under potassium permanganate treatment in acidic medium by UPLC-MS/MS

Urszula Hubicka, Paweł Żmudzki, Barbara Żuromska-Witek, Paweł Zajdel, more

Talanta > 2013 > 109 > Complete > 91-100

A simple, sensitive and reproducible ultra-performance liquid chromatography method for determination of ciprofloxacin, difloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin oxidation stability under permanganate treatment in acidic conditions at pH from 3.0 to 6.0, was developed. Chromatographic separations were carried out using the Acquity UPLC BEH C ₁₈ column; (2.1×100mm, 1.7μm particle...

article

Pharmacokinetic and milk penetration of a difloxacin long-acting poloxamer gel formulation with carboxy-methylcellulose in lactating goats

Elisa Escudero, Pedro Marín, Carlos M. Cárceles, María J. Ramírez, more

The Veterinary Journal > 2011 > 188 > 1 > 92-95

The single-dose disposition kinetics of difloxacin were determined in clinically normal lactating goats (n=6) after subcutaneous administration of a long-acting poloxamer 407 gel formulation with carboxy-methylcellulose (P407-CMC). Difloxacin concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The concentration–time data were analysed by non-compartmental...

article

Effects of cytochrome P450 1A substrate (difloxacin) on enzyme gene expression and pharmacokinetics in crucian carp (hybridized Prussian carp)

Gui Hong Fu, Xian Le Yang, Hai Xin Zhang, Wen Juan Yu, more

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology > 2011 > 31 > 2 > 307-313

Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) play a prominent role in drug metabolism and biotransformation which are distributed in liver of aquatic animals. However, limited information is available about CYP genes involved in drug metabolism in fish. In the present study, we explore CYP1A characterization for DIF metabolism. Firstly, we cloned and characterized the full-length cDNA sequence of a CYP1A gene from crucian...

article

Plasma disposition and tissue depletion of difloxacin and its metabolite sarafloxacin in the food producing animals, chickens for fattening

Arturo Anadón, Frank H. Suárez, María A. Martínez, Víctor Castellano, more

Food and Chemical Toxicology > 2011 > 49 > 2 > 441-449

Chickens were used to investigate plasma disposition of difloxacin after single intravenous (IV) and oral dose (10mg/kg body weight (BW)) and to study residue depletion of difloxacin and its major metabolite sarafloxacin after multiple oral doses (10mg difloxacin/kg BW, daily for 5days). Plasma and tissue samples were analyzed using a HPLC method. After IV and oral administration, plasma drug concentration-time...

article

Effects of fish CYP inducers on difloxacin N-demethylation in kidney cell of Chinese idle (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Ling Zhi Yu, Xian Le Yang, Xiang Ling Wang, Wen Juan Yu, more

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry > 2010 > 36 > 3 > 677-686

A drug–drug interaction occurs when the effect of one drug is altered by the presence of another drug which is generally associated with the induction of cytochrome P450s (CYPs) activity. Thus, unexpected treatment failures often happen resulting from inappropriate coadministration in fisheries. However, little information is available about CYP induction in fish. The reaction of difloxacin (DIF)...

article

Pharmacokinetics and milk penetration of difloxacin after a long-acting formulation for subcutaneous administration to lactating goats

P. Marín, E. Escudero, E. Fernández-Varón, M.J. Ramírez, more

Journal of Dairy Science > 2010 > 93 > 7 > 3056-3064

The single-dose disposition kinetics of difloxacin were determined in clinically normal lactating goats (n=6) after intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) administration and subcutaneous administration of a long-acting poloxamer 407 gel formulation (P407). Difloxacin concentrations were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of difloxacin against 14 strains...

article

Effects of fish cytochromes P450 inducers and inhibitors on difloxacin N-demethylation in kidney of Chinese idle (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Ling Zhi Yu, Xian Le Yang

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology > 2010 > 29 > 3 > 202-208

Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) play key roles in drug metabolism which are widely distributed in kidney in aquatic organisms. CYP(s) mainly catalyzed the N-demethylation reaction of difloxacin (DIF) biotransformation to sarafloxacin (SAR). However, limited information is available about CYP investigation in fish. In order to supply useful information on CYP(s) characterization for DIF N-demethylation, the...

article

Radiochemical and biological characteristics of ^99mTc‐difloxacin and ^99mTc‐pefloxacin for detecting sites of infection

M. A. Motaleb

Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals > 53 > 3 > 104 - 109

The optimization of the radiolabeling yield of ciprofloxacin analogous, difloxacin and pefloxacin, with ^99mTc was described. At pH 4, difloxacin was labeled with ^99mTc with a labeling yield of 95.6% by adding ^99mTc to 5 mg difloxacin in the presence of 100 µg SnCl₂·2H₂O whereas ^99mTc‐pefloxacin was labeled (98.1%) by adding ^99mTc to 4 mg pefloxacin in the presence of 50 µg SnCl₂·2H₂O. The radiochemical...

article

Simultaneous determination of quinolones for veterinary use by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

M.I. Rodríguez Cáceres, A. Guiberteau Cabanillas, T. Galeano Díaz, M.A. Martínez Cañas

Journal of Chromatography B > 2010 > 878 > 3-4 > 398-402

A selective method based on high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) has been developed to enable simultaneous determination of three fluoroquinolones (FQs), namely danofloxacin (DANO), difloxacin (DIFLO) and sarafloxacin (SARA). The fluoroquinolones are separated on a Novapack C-18 column and detected in a high sensitivity amperometric cell at a potential of...

article

In vitro residual anti-bacterial activity of difloxacin, sarafloxacin and their photoproducts after photolysis in water

Souvik Kusari, Deivasigamani Prabhakaran, Marc Lamshöft, Michael Spiteller

Environmental Pollution > 2009 > 157 > 10 > 2722-2730

Fluoroquinolones like difloxacin (DIF) and sarafloxacin (SARA) are adsorbed in soil and enter the aquatic environment wherein they are subjected to photolytic degradation. To evaluate the fate of DIF and SARA, their photolysis was performed in water under stimulated natural sunlight conditions. DIF primarily degrades to SARA. On prolonged photodegradation, seven photoproducts were elucidated by HR-LC–MS/MS,...

article

Pharmacokinetics and intramuscular bioavailability of difloxacin in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

K. Abo-El-Sooud, A. Goudah

The Veterinary Journal > 2009 > 179 > 2 > 282-286

Single-dose disposition kinetics of difloxacin (5mg/kg bodyweight) were determined in clinically normal male dromedary camels (n=6) following intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration. Difloxacin concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The concentration–time data were analysed by compartmental and non-compartmental kinetic...

article

Synthesis of [1-¹⁵N,2-¹³C]-labeled difloxacin

Burkhard Schmidt, Ramona Schumacher-Buffel, Brigitte Thiede, Andreas Schäffer

Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly > 2009 > 140 > 10 > 1221-1227

The synthesis of [1-¹⁵N,2-¹³C]-difloxacin, an arylfluoroquinolone antibacterial agent, is reported. As a crucial initial step, the starting materials ethyl 2,4,5-trifluorobenzoylacetate, [formyl-¹³C]-triethyl orthoformate, and [¹⁵N]-4-fluoroaniline were reacted to ethyl [¹⁵N,3-¹³C]-3-(4-fluoroanilino)-2-(2,4,5-trifluorobenzoyl)acrylate. After cyclization and ester cleavage, the resulting intermediate...

article

Comparative pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in goat kids and lambs

A. Goudah, S.M. Mouneir

Small Ruminant Research > 2008 > 78 > 1-3 > 186-192

The purpose of this study was to investigate the comparative pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in male goat kids and lambs. Difloxacin was administered in a crossover as a single dose of 5mgkg ⁻¹ b.wt. by the intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) routes in kids and lamb. The concentrations of the drug in the plasma were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence...

article

Disposition kinetics and pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamic integration of difloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from rabbits

E. Fernández-varón, C.M. Cárceles, P. Marín, D. Vancraeynest, more

Research in Veterinary Science > 2008 > 84 > 1 > 90-94

The pharmacokinetics of difloxacin were studied following intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC) and oral administration of 5mg/kg to healthy white New Zealand rabbits (n=6). Difloxacin concentrations were determined by HPLC assay with fluorescence detection. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay of difloxacin against different strains of S. aureus from different european countries was performed...

article

Pharmacokinetics after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration of difloxacin in sheep

P. Marín, E. Fernández-Varón, E. Escudero, C.M. Cárceles

Research in Veterinary Science > 2007 > 83 > 2 > 234-238

The disposition kinetics of difloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, after intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) administration were determined in sheep at a single dose of 5mg/kg. The concentration–time data were analysed by compartmental (after IV dose) and non-compartmental pharmacokinetics method (after IV, IM and SC administration). Plasma concentrations of difloxacin were...

article

Rapid multi-residue screening of antibiotics in muscle and kidney by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry

K. Granelli, C. Branzell

Analytica Chimica Acta > 2007 > 586 > 1-2 > 289-295

A new approach for simple and rapid multi-residue screening of antibiotics in muscle and kidney by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) is described.Nineteen analytes from five classes of antibiotics, i.e. tetracyclines, sulfonamides, quinolones, β-lactams and macrolides were included in the method. The recently registered drug acetylisovaleryltylosin and its metabolite 3-ortho-acetyltylosin,...

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Withdrawal time of danofloxacin and difloxacin and in vitro binding phenomenon to melanin in black‐boned silky fowl

Selective Immunodetection of Difloxacin in Animal Muscles and Sera: Role of Hapten Orientation

Structural and functional response of the soil bacterial community to application of manure from difloxacin‐treated pigs

Comparative activities of selected fluoroquinolones against dynamic populations of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in an in vitro model of time–kill continuous culture experiment

Separation and characterization of ciprofloxacin, difloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin oxidation products under potassium permanganate treatment in acidic medium by UPLC-MS/MS

Pharmacokinetic and milk penetration of a difloxacin long-acting poloxamer gel formulation with carboxy-methylcellulose in lactating goats

Effects of cytochrome P450 1A substrate (difloxacin) on enzyme gene expression and pharmacokinetics in crucian carp (hybridized Prussian carp)

Plasma disposition and tissue depletion of difloxacin and its metabolite sarafloxacin in the food producing animals, chickens for fattening

Effects of fish CYP inducers on difloxacin N-demethylation in kidney cell of Chinese idle (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Pharmacokinetics and milk penetration of difloxacin after a long-acting formulation for subcutaneous administration to lactating goats

Effects of fish cytochromes P450 inducers and inhibitors on difloxacin N-demethylation in kidney of Chinese idle (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Radiochemical and biological characteristics of ^99mTc‐difloxacin and ^99mTc‐pefloxacin for detecting sites of infection

Simultaneous determination of quinolones for veterinary use by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

In vitro residual anti-bacterial activity of difloxacin, sarafloxacin and their photoproducts after photolysis in water

Pharmacokinetics and intramuscular bioavailability of difloxacin in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Synthesis of [1-¹⁵N,2-¹³C]-labeled difloxacin

Comparative pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in goat kids and lambs

Disposition kinetics and pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamic integration of difloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from rabbits

Pharmacokinetics after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration of difloxacin in sheep

Rapid multi-residue screening of antibiotics in muscle and kidney by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry

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