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This study examines the potential role of large-scale photovoltaics (PV) generation in addressing the economic, energy security and environmental challenges facing the electricity industry. A Monte-Carlo-based generation portfolio modelling tool is employed to examine the value and impacts of different PV penetrations in future electricity generation portfolios under future uncertainty and multiple...
Driver behaviour has been considered one of the main factors that contribute to increase fuel consumption, CO2 emissions, traffic accidents and causalities. Thus, the concept of detecting and classifying driver behaviour i s vital when tackling these challenges. Recognition of the driver behaviour is a difficult task as in the real-world, the driving behaviour is effected by many factors e.g. traffic,...
In this paper the distribution of world's electricity sources is presented graphically. The contribution of renewable energy sources is focused here. The CO2 emission rate has been discussed from various aspects. A prediction model is presented for world electricity generation capacity, electricity consumption, CO2 emission rate and renewable energy harnessing. At last a brief energy prediction model...
Energy consumption and CO2 emissions have recently become topics of particular interest across the cellular telecommunication industry. This situation is moving this industry towards the introduction of renewable sources of energy, such as solar energy, wind energy, etc. for the energy supply to their networks. These solutions are environmentally friendly and technically proven, but when it comes...
Environmental taxation system generally refers to all taxes imposed in order to achieve certain environmental objectives. To introduce a carbon tax is imperative in China because it will perfect China's environmental taxation system, mitigate China's pressure of CO2 emission, establish the image of China as a responsible power, change China's economic growth pattern, and respond to the international...
The energy infrastructure is facing ever more serious challenges due to limited supplies of oil, environmental concerns about CO2 emissions and emissions from fossil fuels, and the ever-expanding energy demands of the growing economies in Asia. It is widely believed that hydrogen is a potential major alternative energy carrier. However, there remain problems with storage and transportation. An important...
METI is aiming at highly electrified society to reduce CO2 emission by half in 2050. In the society, power electronics has to be used ubiquitously for efficient and effective usage of electricity. Role of innovated Power electronics; green electronics, is surveyed from the various points of view. It is confirmed that use of electrical power makes a low CO2 emission society possible with introduction...
The pressure of the energy bill from operators and the request of the environmental protection from the governments and publics results in more urgent requirement on the energy consumption and CO2 emission. Traditionally, adaptive modulation has been proven to be an efficient solution to improve the system performance over the radio fading channels. To obtain the design insights for energy efficient...
This paper calculated the inventory of CO2 emission in China based on input-output model, and then estimated CO2 emission induced by urban and rural household consumption based on statistic data of household living expenditure from 1995 to 2004 in China. The results show that from 1995 to 2004, CO2 emission per capita induced by household consumption has increased from 911kgCO2 to 1,564kgCO2. The...
An evolutionary Multi-Objective Algorithm (MOA) is used to investigate the trade-off between CO2 savings, distance and number of vehicles used in a typical vehicle routing problem with Time Windows (VRPTW). A problem set is derived containing three problems based on accurate geographical data which encapsulates the topology of streets as well as layouts and characteristics of junctions. This is combined...
Radial Basis Function (RBF, for short) neural networks are widely applied for their strong abilities in nonlinear mapping, fast learning, good generalization performance and great accuracy in numerical approximation. In this paper, a RBF neural network combined with time series on C02 emissions is proposed by using the characteristics. It examines the rationality and flexibility of the RBF neural...
A measurement technique is presented that demonstrates the ability to thermally sound the atmosphere from cloud-top in the troposphere to the upper mesosphere with nadir observations using a Doppler modulated gas correlation (DMGC) approach. It is shown that DMGC measurements of CO2 emission at 15 μm can achieve an effective spectral resolution of <;0.002 cm-1, which can be used to generate averaging...
China established a national level of principle pollutions emission that 10 percent reduction of SO2 and COD discharges by priority projects, structural adjustment, and environmental management during the "11th Five-Year plan" period. This paper focused on the induced effect to CO2 emission on the process of urban sewage treatment. CO2 emission related to two parts of treatment process:...
The current energy infrastructure heavily depends on fossil energy, which will be mostly depleted beyond 21st century. Another built-in disadvantage of fossil energy is the pollutant and green house gas emission. It is time to reform the environment-degrading energy infrastructure into a sustainable and resilient energy infrastructure such that it is more environmental friendly. Compared with fossil...
Grey relational analysis was applied in this study to identify the key factors influencing the changes in energy-related CO2 emission and to explore the dynamic characteristics of energy-environment-economy (3E) system for 30 provinces in China. The result indicates that energy use has the closest relationship with total CO2 emission changes, with economic output second. It reveals that the main contributor...
An atomic layer deposition (ALD)-SiO2 film for use as the spacer mask in self-aligned double patterning (DP) and a slimming process of critical dimension (CD) for the photoresist pattern are described. The ALD-SiO2 film deposition and the photoresist pattern slimming are processed with the vertical batch semiconductor production system for 300 mm wafers at room temperature. The room temperature process...
Networks Operators unanimously agree on the need to reduce power consumption of their networks. Motivation behind is surely related to the need to minimize the operating costs, gaining competitiveness. However this is also in line with the growing attention to the CO2 emission. At the same time they want to keep or even improve the high availability and the delivered QoS of the networks. The use of...
Nowadays, it is universally accepted that the issue of energy shortage is increasingly serious. As a consequence, this modern-day crisis has greatly restricts the development of Chinese economy. This essay built an analytical model of tax policy of Chinese sustainable energy for the Chinese transportation. This model based on system dynamics, considered influences of many factors including energy...
Renewable Energy is our future trend to reduce the CO2 emission from the power generation. Although, it may not cheap from the construction cost at the moment but we should try every effort to reduce the impact due to climate change. Naturally, if we can use energy efficiently, we will be in a position to minimize our power generation as well. In this paper, the authors propose a Smart Metering System...
This paper proposes a stochastic approach based on Monte-Carlo Simulation (MCS) to account for various uncertainties when determining the overall generation cost of electricity generation portfolios. This approach extends the traditional deterministic methods for solving optimal generation mix by incorporating uncertainty into key cost assumptions and therefore solving the probability distribution...
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