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The waste water has been strongly negative affected to human life in large area, especially wastewater from laboratory because of a lot of chemicals and bacteria. The disadvantages of the currently state are the using treatment systems with low treatment efficiency, costly and unstable due to using microbiological, biochemistries, combining physical chemistry method, or advanced oxidation process...
In the present study, novel 2-hydroxy-benzanilide derivatives, esters, hydrazides and hydrazones were obtained by conventional heating syntheses. The antioxidant capacity of all compounds has been screened using both, chemical and electrochemical procedures. The results for antioxidant activities using DPPH assay, ABTS method, FRAP assay and cyclic voltammetry were expressed as Trolox equivalents...
The insulating liquids for power transformers are still evolving area. The current trend is to move away from currently used mineral oil because it poses a threat to the environment and use the renewable, biodegradable nature ester oils instead. These oils are now well known but what keeps them from widespread usage are unbalanced properties. In some areas these natural oils excel (fire point, sulfur...
We investigate the influence of the type of anti-adhesive films used in the production of polyethylene thin samples on their final chemical composition. For this purpose, LDPE and XLPE films were produced by compression molding at different temperatures and using two different polyethylene terephthalate (PET, Mylar) protective sheets, polyimide (Kapton) film and aluminum (Al) foil. These films were...
We have developed a novel simulator for chemical mechanical planarization processes, based on the one variant of Monte-Carlo method. It implemented the several input parameters: pressure, diameters of abrasives, temperature, linear velocity of abrasives, and easiness to remove materials. This simulator reproduced the linear change in the amounts of the polished portions of materials with pressure*linear...
A novel synthetic route toward a macromolecule with linear backbones that bear pendant stable radical groups is described. For this purpose we synthesis a new acrylate tempo monomer (4-acryloyloxy-1-((1-phenylethyl)oxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (APEOT)) which is thermally not stable and undergo C-O bond homolysis at higher temperatures accompanied by the generation of radicals. The polymerization...
Solder paste is very commonly used in high power assembly package. The application of solder paste is to form sold joint between die and copper clip after reflow. After solder paste application, wire bond process is followed. The wire was bonded between copper pad and die top surface to form another connection. The cleaning of Cu pad surface and die surface could affect the reliability of wire bonding...
Cupric oxide reduction mechanism under H2/Ar plasma treatment and its effect on EMC/LF adhesion characterization was studied in this paper. The relationship of the adhesion force between EMC/LF and different baking conditions was measured, and the LF surface composition like as cupric oxide and cuprous oxide was analyzed by AES depth profile analysis, too. The result show that the thickness of cupric...
Researchers have conducted extensive research on the fatigue mechanism of silicon microstructures. But the key step in some mechanisms that localized oxide can thicken at high stress concentration sites after fatigue failure lacks support. Based on the Deal-Grove model of the thermal oxidation of silicon, we have proposed a chemical kinetics principle of cyclic stress enhanced oxidation: Tension can...
XPS analysis technique can be used for valence state analysis. However, due to the limitation of the energy resolution of XPS, it can be difficult to differentiate the valence state of some elements. In this study, the Scanning XPS Microscope PHI Quantera II was used to analyze and identify Cu2O from Cu. Although the equipment possesses good energy resolution (0.48 eV), it is still difficult to distinguish...
Theoretical studies guided the experimental work for a novel fabrication methodology of asymmetric textured Silicon nanocones (SiNCs) through Metal-assisted chemical etching followed by oxidation. Optical numerical and Experimental studies showed a promising antireflective broadband property at angles up to ±60° combined with an inherent self-cleaning Property.
Tungsten CMP process involves an electrochemical alteration of metal surface and mechanical removal of the modified film. Electrochemical alteration means oxidation and corrosion of tungsten surface, so some extent of tungsten dishing and recess is very natural phenomena of tungsten CMP. Recently, there have been some reports that show excessive corrosion and oxidation of tungsten plug and device...
Salicylamides, as well as O-substituted salicylamide, are classes of compounds with a broad spectrum of biological activity. The goal of this research was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of some new 2-hydroxy-benzamide derivatives, esters, hydrazides and hydrazones using chemical and electrochemical methods. So, antioxidant activities of the synthesized compounds were studied by in vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl...
We analyze the chemical passivation quality of silicon oxide-nanolayers on crystalline silicon wafers prepared by different oxidation methods with surface photo voltage and quasi-steady-state photo conductance measurements. It is shown that for wet chemical oxidation and plasma oxidation, adequate passivation of the interface defects is achieved by subsequent anneal in forming gas environment. Furthermore,...
This paper proposes a warm-up strategy for a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) which is grounded on a simple distributed parameter model. This first principles model of the propagation of the temperature variations accounts for spatially distributed heat generation (due to chemical reactions). We show that heat generation can be regarded as inlet temperature variations. This fact is supported by experimental...
Continued scaling of the gate dielectric has driven the adoption of high-k materials for the gate stack. A key challenge for enabling the adoption of these high-k materials is providing a SiO2/SiON interfacial layer in a controlled and repeatable manner. Interfacial oxide is a buffer layer between silicon substrate and high-k dielectric, the role of the interfacial layer is to improve high-k dielectric/silicon...
Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) has excellent properties in thermal and electrical conductivities, high tensile strength and surface area and low mass over volume. However, the usage is still limited due to its inert characteristic. MWCNT surface is hydrophobic and not miscible in most solvents. This work emphasize on simple and practical method of functionalization by sonication in mild acid...
4H-SiC is considered one of the most promising next-generation semiconductor materials. Therefore, flattening methods of 4H-SiC and their mechanism have been widely studied in recent years. Although the generation of different types of step-terrace structure of 4H-SiC has been widely reported, their generation mechanism has not been thoroughly clarified. In this manuscript, the change of the surface...
The biodiesel surrogate fuels are realistic kinetic tools to study the combustion of actual biodiesel fuels in diesel engines. The knowledge of fuel chemistry aids in the development of combustion modelling. In order to numerically simulate the diesel combustion, it is necessary to construct a compact reaction model for describing the chemical reaction. This study developed a skeletal kinetic model...
The paper presents a modelling tool applied to bio-products in order to quantify the pollutants formation evolution within physical-chemical conversion processes based on bond graph methodology. The study results revealed the importance of an accurate modelling tool that integrates advanced chemical dynamics information for the prediction of reaction products formation, especially for the fast reacting...
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