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Hydrogels are being fabricated for use in many tissue engineering applications. In order to advance the field, material properties must be characterized to determine the most desirable attributes. The data presented shows the importance of both surface charge and mechanical properties on dorsal root ganglia neurite extension.
Vascularization for sufficient supplies of oxygen/nutrients and removal of waste in thicker tissue is one of the major challenges in tissue engineering. Here, we used three-dimensional bio-printing technology to engineer a vascular structure within hydrogel scaffold. Through layer-by-layer approach, we seeded endothelial cells in tubular form, which is embedded within three-dimensional collagen scaffold...
Early perfusion is essential for survival and function of engineered tissues. A promising solution to this problem is the development of stable microvessels within an engineered construct. Transplantation of human endothelial cells within protein gels has been shown to form functional vascular networks both in vitro and after implantation into immunodeficient mice. Co-transplantation of human pericytes,...
Cells cultured within a 3D environment acquire phenotypes and respond to stimuli analogous to in vivo development. This approach can be applied to the study of tumorigenesis in vitro. In this study, collagen I hydrogels were engineered as a platform for in vitro solid tumor development. Cell seeding density, scaffold thickness, and matrix stiffness were varied to characterize the development of a...
Electrospun and fibers hydrogels are two focal points of research within the biomaterials community. The electrospinning process allows for fabrication of nanoscale, aligned topography and has been shown to direct cellular migration and outgrowth. Hydrogels exhibit benefits over traditional, rigid scaffolds in that they are injectable and can be tailored to mimic the mechanical properties of the surrounding...
Severe mechanical trauma of the spinal cord induces a secondary injury response that contributes to post injury cell death and the formation of barriers inhibitory to neuronal regeneration. It is believed that engineered scaffolds produce favorable results when they mimic the properties of the tissue that they are aiming to replicate. Alginate hydrogels have been shown to be beneficial in a number...
Silica-based Aerogels have a number of unique properties that make them suitable for a range of applications. These include superior thermal, acoustic, and electrical insulation capabilities, all associated with the highly-porous nature of this class of materials. Crosslinked (X) silica aerogels have improved mechanical and surface properties making them suitable for biomedical device applications,...
A peptide hydrogel for in vitro culture of chondrocytes was prepared and investigated based on the designed and synthesised peptide SGGAGGAGGAGGAGGS. Chondrocytes cultured in the peptide hydrogels were observed for changes of morphology characteristic, and the chondrocyte-seeded peptide hydrogels at the designed time point were obtained and the analysis of DNA content, histological staining and immuno-histochemistry...
This paper describes a hydrogel microfiber encapsulating bacteria using an axisymmetric microfluidic device that creates co-axial laminar flow. Since the encapsulated bacteria proliferate at high density in the core of the microfiber, they easily form biofilms; these films are suggested to be important for the cell viability and high-level bacterial secretion. Here, we succeeded in preparing densely...
This paper describes a centimeter-scale living cell fabric made of cell-containing core-shell hydrogel fibers, “cell fiber.” We improved core-shell fiber applicable to various types of cells, and precisely characterized their biofunctions and mechanical properties. Using these cell fibers, we demonstrate a centimeter-scale living cell fabric woven by our micro weaving machine. We believe that our...
In this study, we demonstrate the formation of 3D cell-adhesive hydrogels exhibiting well-defined spatial variation in stiffness using our previously developed microfluidics-based lithography technique. PEG monoacrylate-linked bovine fibrinogen (PEG-fibrinogen) is photopolymerized into specific, user-defined shapes inside a microchannel, and successive cycles of fabrication result in a heterogeneous...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects thousands of Americans each year. The injury results in local cell loss in the spinal cord, interrupting the connections between brain and periphery. Current treatment options for SCI are limited due to the inability of adult neurons to regenerate in the inhibitory environment of the injured central nervous system (CNS). The primary goal of this work is to design a...
Vascularization for adequate supplies of oxygen and nutrients is one of the challenges in tissue engineering. We report the three-dimensional cell printing technology to construct vascular structure in hydrogel scaffold which consist of endothelial cells and collagen scaffold. We constructed multi-layered, inter-connected channels within collagen hydrogel through layer-by-layer approach. Collagen...
Recently the myocardial cell sheet is applied for cure of the heart failure. To develop a new device for transplanting the cell sheet is needed. Authors have evaluated a stamp-type device. Gelatin hydro gel as an adhesive material is used between the device and the cell sheet. Requirements of the gelatin hydro gel are to deform, during removal from surface of the device and to fit the round surface...
Tissues formed by cells seeded in hydrogels are used for biotechnology, cell-based assays, and tissue engineering. We have previously presented a cell-micropatterning technique that localizes live cells within hydrogels using dielectrophoretic (DEP) forces, and have demonstrated the ability to modulate tissue function through the control of microscale cell architecture. In this study, we developed...
In this study, to improve efficiency and functionality of cell-based biosensor microarrays, we introduced nano-topographical features on cell adhesive region. Micropatterned surface was created by poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel microstructures via photolithography. Nano-topographical features were introduced using polymeric nanofibers which were produced by electrospinning technique. Combining...
This paper describes core-shell hydrogel wires for constructing 3D heterogeneous hydrogel microstructures containing biomaterials. A core hydrogel layer contains biomaterials such as cells, and a shell hydrogel layer covers the core to realize a mechanically-robust hydrogel wire. Using this core-shell gel wires, we demonstrate a woven sheet with heterogeneous gel wires by using our stereolithographically-made...
Hyperthermia affects certain regulatory proteins, kinases or cyclins, resulting in alternations to the cell cycle and even to apoptosis. Damage to the cell plasma membrane is a key factor in the killing of a cell by hyperthermia. Analysis at the single-cell level is necessary for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of hyperthermia-induced cell death and the generation of thermotolerance in surviving...
Cell-based biosensors (CBBs) are becoming an important tool for biosecurity applications and rapid diagnostics. For current CBBs technology, cell immobilization and high throughput fabrication are the main challenges. To address these in this study, the feasibility of bioprinting cell-laden hydrogel to fabricate CBBs at high throughput was investigated and cell response was tracked by using lensless...
Bone exhibits hierarchical levels of organization from macroscopic to microscopic, and nano- length scales. Furthermore, multiple bioactive peptides, as part of the collagenous and non-collagenous water soluble glycoproteins and proteoglycans in the bone ECM, interact with progenitor BMS cells to initiate the cascade of chemotaxis, differentiation, and mineralization. In this work, a nanofiber hydrogel/apatite...
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